The development of a microbial population and changes in the physicochemical and sensorial characteristics of Mediterranean boque (Boops boops), called gopa in Greece, stored aerobically at 0, 3, 7, and 10°C were studied. Pseudomonads andShewanella putrefaciens were the dominant bacteria at the end of the storage period, regardless of the temperature tested. Enterobacteria and Brochothrix thermosphacta also grew, but their population density was always 2 to 3 log10CFU g−1 less than that of pseudomonads. The concentration of potential indicators of spoilage, glucose and lactic acid, decreased while that of the α-amino groups increased during storage. The concentrations of these carbon sources also decreased on sterile fish blocks inoculated with strains isolated from fish microbial flora. The organic acid profile of sterile fish blocks inoculated with the above-mentioned bacteria and that of naturally spoiled fish differed significantly. An excellent correlation (r = −0.96) between log10 counts of S. putrefaciensor Pseudomonas bacteria with freshness was observed in this study.
Aims
To assess the ability of various newly isolated or belonging in official collections yeast strains to convert biodiesel‐derived glycerol (Gly) into added‐value compounds.
Methods and Results
Ten newly isolated yeast strains belonging to Debaryomyces sp., Naganishia uzbekistanensis, Rhodotorula sp. and Yarrowia lipolytica, isolated from fishes, metabolized Gly under nitrogen limitation. The aim of the study was to identify potential newly isolated microbial candidates that could produce single‐cell oil (SCO), endopolysaccharides and polyols when these micro‐organisms were grown on biodiesel‐derived Gly. As controls producing SCO and endopolysaccharides were the strains Rhodotorula glutinis NRRL YB‐252 and Cryptococcus curvatus NRRL Y‐1511. At initial Gly (Gly0) ≈40 g l−1, most strains presented remarkable dry cell weight (DCW) production, whereas Y. lipolytica and Debaryomyces sp. produced non‐negligible quantities of mannitol and arabitol (Ara). Five strains were further cultivated at increasing Gly0 concentrations. Rhodotorula glutinis NRRL YB‐252 produced 7·2 g l−1 of lipid (lipid in DCW value ≈38% w/w), whereas Debaryomyces sp. FMCC Y69 in batch‐bioreactor experiment with Gly0 ≈80 g l−1, produced 30–33 g l−1 of DCW and ~30 g l−1 of Ara. At shake‐flasks with Gly0 ≈125 g l−1, Ara of ~48 g l−1 (conversion yield of polyol on Gly consumed ≈0·62 g g−1) was achieved. Cellular lipids of all yeasts contained in variable concentrations oleic, palmitic, stearic and linoleic acids.
Conclusions
Newly isolated, food‐derived and non‐previously studied yeast isolates converted biodiesel‐derived Gly into several added‐value metabolites.
Significance and Impact of the Study
Alternative ways of crude Gly valorization through yeast fermentations were provided and added‐value compounds were synthesized.
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