SUMMARY A new and simplified method to determine left ventricular (LV) volumes with two-dimensional echocardiography (2-D echo) was developed using the parasternal long-axis and apical four-and twochamber views. An end-diastolic area (EDA) was derived using the longest minor axis (Dmax) from either of the three views and the major long axis (Lmax) gle-plane LV angiography were performed within 24 hours of each other. Five patients were excluded, three because of poor-quality 2-D echoes and two because of poor-quality LV angiograms. Among the remaining 25 patients (17 males and eight females, mean age 54 years, range 29-77 years), 18 had coronary artery disease (CAD), 16 with regional dyssynergy and two with normal wall motion; two patients had aortic insufficiency, one patient had mitral regurgitation, one patient had congestive cardiomyopathy, and three patients had normal heart evaluations.
Echocardiographic Measurement of VolumesWide-angle, 2-D echoes were recorded using a mechanical sector scanner (Advanced Technology Laboratories Mark V) or a phased-array sector scanner (Varian V-3400). All studies were videotaped on 3/4-inch Umatic videocasette recorders equipped with a back-spacer search module, which allows frame-byframe bidirectional playback. The video frame rate of the system is approximately 60 frames/sec.All patients were studied in the left lateral recumbent position using multiple views through the left parasternal and apical windows. Three views were selected for measurements: parasternal long-axis, apical four-chamber and apical two-chamber. Several minoraxis LV dimensions at the upper, middle and lower third of the LV cavity were measured at end-systole and end-diastole, as previously described8 ( fig. 1)
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