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A hybrid antenna is proposed for future 4G/5G MIMO (multiple input multiple output) applications. The proposed antenna is composed of two antenna modules, namely, 4G antenna module and 5G antenna module. The 4G antenna module is a two-antenna array capable of covering the GSM850/900/1800/1900, UMTS2100, and LTE2300/2500 operating bands, while the 5G antenna module is an 8-antenna array operating in the 3.5 GHz band capable of covering the C band (3400-3600 MHz), which could meet the demand of future 5G application. Compared with ideal uncorrelated antennas in an 8 × 8 MIMO system, the 5G antenna module has shown good ergodic channel capacity of approximately 40 bps/Hz, which is only 6 bps/Hz lower than ideal case. This multi-mode hybrid antenna is fabricated, and typically experimental results such as S-parameter, antenna efficiency, radiation pattern, and envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) are presented.

A dual-polarized hybrid 8-antenna array operating in the 2.6-GHz band (2550-2650 MHz) for 5G communication multi-input multi-output (MIMO) operation in the smartphone is presented. The proposed hybrid antenna array elements are symmetrically placed along the long edges of the smartphone, and they are composed of two different 4-antenna array types (C-shaped coupled-fed and L-shaped monopole slot) that exhibit orthogonal polarization. Therefore, coupling between the two antenna array types can be reduced, and the MIMO system performances are enhanced. A prototype of the proposed 8-antenna array is manufactured and measured. Good impedance matching (10 dB return loss or better), desirable cross polarization discrimination (XPD better than 15 dB) and acceptable isolation (better than 12.5 dB) are obtained. Envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and channel capacity are also calculated to evaluate the MIMO performances of the proposed antenna array.

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