Objectives To systematically review observational studies assessing the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children, adolescents and adults. Methods Electronic searches were performed in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS and Scopus databases for articles published up to September 2020. Two independent reviewers performed the search and critical appraisal of the studies. The inclusion criteria were observational studies that evaluated the effect of SES on the OHRQoL in all age groups using validated methods. Quality assessment was conducted using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. Data were extracted for meta‐analysis followed by a meta‐regression analysis. A random‐effects model was used to estimate the pooled calculate prevalence ratio (PR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each study. Results The search strategy retrieved 6114 publications. Some 139 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review. Of those, 75 were included in the general meta‐analysis they represented a total sample of 109 269 individuals. People of lower SES had worse OHRQoL (PR 1.30; 95% CI 1.26‐1.35). In the meta‐analyses of different subgroups, an association was found between low SES and worse OHRQoL in countries of all economic classifications, in all age groups and irrespective of the socioeconomic indicator used. A socioeconomic gradient in OHRQoL was also observed, in which the lower the individuals' socioeconomic position, the poorer their OHRQoL. Conclusions Individuals of low SES had poorer OHRQoL, regardless of the country's economic classification, SES indicator and age group. Public policies aiming to reduce social inequalities are necessary for better OHRQoL throughout life.
The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of clinical and socioeconomic factors on social capital throughout adolescence. A cohort study was performed in 2012 (T1) with a random sample of 1,134 12-year-old adolescents from Santa Maria, Brazil. Questions on socioeconomic factors (maternal education, household income, household crowding) were answered by the parents. Clinicians evaluated their dental caries (decayed, missing, and filled status of permanent teeth) and gingival bleeding (using the Community Periodontal Index). Contextual variables including the mean income of the neighborhood in which the school was located were used (T1). The adolescents were revaluated in 2018 (T2) and answered questions regarding social capital (social trust, social control, empowerment, neighborhood security, and political effectiveness). A path analysis was used to test the relationship between the predictor variables (T1) and social capital (T2). A total of 768 adolescents were reevaluated at a 6-year follow-up (cohort retention rate of 67.7%). Most of the adolescents were girls, with a low household income, about 40% had caries experience (T1), and about 64% had high social capital (T2). The highest neighborhood's mean income was related to a lower household income in T1 (p < 0.01), and this was directly related to a low social capital in T2 (p = 0.04). Furthermore, caries experience at T1 was directly associated with low social capital at T2 (p = 0.03). Socioeconomic factors were also related to caries experience. Individuals who lived in neighborhoods with greater inequality such as families with a low household income and those with untreated dental caries in early adolescence, had a low social capital after follow-up.
Objective: To analyze the offer of dental prosthesis by Centers of Dental Specialties (CEO) considering the need by individuals aged 65-74 years in state capitals and other regions of the country. Material and Methods: The study was conducted with data from the external evaluation of the Improving Access and Quality Program (AVE/PMAQ CEO) and with data from the SBBRASIL 2010 project. AVE / PMAQ CEO is an evaluative investigation using a cross-sectional research design, performed in all CEOs of Brazil, totaling 932 services evaluated. The analysis of data and distribution of CEOs that offered dental prosthesis was described by maps, using TabWin (DATASUS) and quantitative description of the following variables: need for total and partial dentures, CEO, Regional Prosthodontic Laboratories (RLDP), average monthly number of delivered prostheses and the proportion of capitals with RLDP, number of CEOs, RLDP and prostheses delivered per 100,000 inhabitants in state capitals and other regions. Results: Of the 5,570 municipalities in the country, 780 have CEO, mainly located on municipalities with larger populations. Most CEOs were located in the northeastern (38.3%) and southeastern regions of Brazil (36.2%) with the northern and mid-western regions presenting the lowest absolute number of units. Low offer of prostheses was observed, considering the high need of dentures, as well as an unequal distribution among Brazilian regions. A high percentage of older adults aged 65-74 years require total (74.6%) or partial (99.8%) prosthetic rehabilitation, more critical situation is observed in the northern and northeastern regions. Conclusion: The provision of dental services in CEOs is still limited and unevenly distributed, especially for PPR, compromising the universality and integrality of oral health care.
Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a obturação retrógrada como uma opção para o tratamento de dentes com lesão periapical persistente, onde o tratamento convencional não obteve resultado e o retratamento era uma alternativa inviável. Neste trabalho foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico em artigos científicos, teses, dissertações e revistas do tema proposto. De acordo com os trabalhos investigados a retrobturação, em casos de infecção persistente, tem como finalidade o selamento hermético do sistema de canais radiculares por via retrógrada. As novas tecnologias associadas a um cimento obturador com propriedades cicatrizadoras colaboram para uma alta taxa de sucesso. Considerações finais: As bactérias resistentes são as principais responsáveis pelo insucesso do tratamento endodôntico convencional, tendo assim a cirurgia paraendodôntica associada à retrobturação como última alternativa para o tratamento dessas lesões perirradiculares persistentes. A técnica moderna surgiu para minimizar as intercorrências e diminuir o tempo de atendimento, com o uso do microscópio operatório, pontas ultrassônicas, microinstrumentos e cimentos retrobturadores com melhores propriedades. O MTA atualmente é a primeira escolha como material retrobturador, contudo, os cimentos biocerâmicos tornaram-se uma alternativa devida as suas propriedades semelhantes, além de, possuir uma alta taxa de cicatrização.
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