For the past decade, 3D printing (3DP) has become popular due to availability of low-cost 3D printers such as RepRap and Fab@Home; and better software, which offers a broad range of manufacturing platform that enables users to create customizable products. 3DP offers everybody with the power to convert a digital design into a three dimensional physical object. While the application of 3DP in developing countries is still at an early stage, the technology application promises vast solutions to existing problems. This paper presents a critical review of the current state of art of 3DP with a particular focus on developing countries. Moreover, it discusses the challenges, opportunities and future insights of 3DP in developing countries. This paper will serve as a basis for discussion and further research on this area.Comment: 4 pages, International Journal of Computer Applications Volume 104-Number 11, 201
The advancement of wireless and mobile technologies has given rise to the mobile government (m-Government). A new channel of public service delivery using a mobile phone. In Tanzania, several m-Government initiatives have been undertaken. Among these, some can be said to have succeeded while others are still struggling. The reasons for these variations are not known. This study aimed to capture the critical success factors (CSFs) for the adoption of m-Government and propose a framework under the Tanzanian context. The study builds upon an extensive literature review methodology based on six electronic databases from 2003 to 2017. The results show that security, usability, access, cost, infrastructure, and personal initiatives and characteristics have the strongest effect on the adoption of m-Government services. Based on the findings of the critical review, a conceptual framework is proposed by extending the mobile services acceptance model (MSAM). A further finding is that most of the m-Government adoption research have not considered the environmental setting. Hence, this study calls for more research on m-Government adoption with consideration to the environmental setting (mandatory or optional environment). The study culminates by providing both practical, theoretical, and policy implications of the findings.Tanzania (NECTA) portal for secondary school examination results. Other m-Government initiatives such as Dodoma Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Authority (DUWASA) water bill payment system and UTUMISHI portal for job vacancy announcements are still struggling. Hitherto, no systematic study has been carried out to critically analyze and provide a scientific explanation of this variation. Such critical analysis and explanation would provide the avenues for designing responsive business processes to guide successful deployment of m-Government in Tanzania.Furthermore, m-Government is still a completely new undertaking in Africa and worldwide in general. Frameworks to guide its deployment and adoption are not common (Munyoka & Manzira, 2014). Unless there is a clear understanding of factors that underpin its deployment, m-Government adoption by citizens will remain underutilized or it may take longer than necessary to fully adopt it (Avgerou, 2002).This study is conceptual in nature, and within this perspective, it attempts to capture the critical success factors (CSFs) for the adoption of m-Government services in Tanzania. Moreover, the study develops a conceptual framework for m-Government adoption in Tanzania.The structure of this paper is as follows: Section 2 presents the evolution and growth of m-Government services in Tanzania. Section 3 describes the method used in this study. Discussion on the CSFs for m-Government adoption is presented in Section 4. Section 5 describes the theoretical foundation and conceptual framework for this study. The results analysis and discussion are presented in Section 6. Finally, Section 7 concludes this paper. | EVOLUTION AND GROWTH OF m-GOVERNMENT SERVICES IN TANZANIAM...
Purpose With the development of information technology (IT), governments around the globe are using state-of-the-art IT interfaces to implement the so-called 3E’s in public service delivery, that is, economy, efficiency and effectiveness. Two of these IT interfaces relate to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT). While AI focuses on providing a “human” garb for computing devices, thereby making them “intelligent” devices, IoT relies on interfaces between sensors and the environment to make “intelligent” decisions. Recently, the convergence of AI and IoT – also referred to as Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) – is seen as a real opportunity to refurbish the public service delivery formats. However, there is limited understanding as to how AIoT could contribute to the improvisation of public service delivery. This study aims to create a modular framework for AIoT in addition to highlighting the drivers and barriers for its integration in the public sector. Design/methodology/approach This descriptive-explanatory study takes a qualitative approach. It entails a thorough examination of the drivers and barriers of integrating AI and IoT in the public sector. A review of literature has led to the development of a conceptual framework outlining the various factors that contribute to creating public value. Findings Value creation occurs when AI and IoT coalesce in the public service delivery mechanisms. Originality/value AIoT is a cutting-edge technology revolutionizing health care, agriculture, infrastructure and all other industrial domains. This study adds to the growing body of knowledge on the public sector's use of AI and IoT. Understanding these disruptive technologies is critical to formulating policies and regulations that can maximize the potential benefits for the public-sector organizations.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the drivers, barriers, benefits and risks affecting the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) into the e-government and to provide a future research agenda. Design/methodology/approach Existing literature examining the relationships between e-government and IoT is scanned and evaluated by conceptualizing the IoT concept in the e-government perspective. Findings The study shows that there are drivers to integrate IoT in e-government, such as ensuring the economy, efficiency and effectiveness of government operations, which would largely establish a relationship between the government and the citizens. Furthermore, there are barriers to such integration, given the lack of political will, the appropriate information technology infrastructure, the training of the stakeholders with a focus on the employee and the like. Originality/value The integration of IoT in e-government is a novel and weakly explored concept, particularly in the light of new advances such as blockchain in the e-government, which requires further exploration and conceptualization, thereby achieving a shared/common vision and body of knowledge for its further successful and sustainable adoption – to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the current study is one of these initial attempts.
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