The purpose was to study the effects of a program of vigorous-intensity physical activity (PA) on the body composition of children. This investigation involved 108 school children from 10 to 11 years old (60 males 10.47 ± 0.50 yr, and 48 females 10.67 ± 0.48 yr). The variables measured were: body weight, fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), total body water (TBW), basal metabolic rate (BMR), body mass index (BMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI). The design was experimental with two groups, experimental group EG (vigorous-intensity PA) and control group CG. Males of EG achieved higher improvements than CG in all the variables, apart from body weight, BMI and FFMI. Females of EG achieved more improvements than CG, especially in FFM(%), FM(kg), FM(%), FMI(kg/m2) and TBW(%). The program of vigorous-intensity PA used is effective in improving the body composition of 10-and 11-year-old children.
ResumenEl nivel de actividad física de las personas es un tema prioritario a escala internacional. Sobre este tema, el objetivo del presente artículo fue analizar y comparar el nivel de actividad física habitual de escolares de 8-9 años de la región de Murcia, España y el Distrito de Karbi Anglong, Assam en India. Para ello, se administró el cuestionario PACE (Physician-based Assessment and Counseling for Exercise) a un total de 85 escolares (44 de España y 41 de India). Los resultados evidenciaron que la muestra estudiada no realiza suficiente actividad física, según las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, ya que realizan al menos 60 minutos de actividad física; una media de 3.13 días/semana (DE=1.91). Los escolares de 8 años son ligeramente más activos que los de 9 años en ambos países; los niños realizan más actividad física que las niñas en ambos países; los escolares de India realizan más actividad física que los de España. Por tanto, se concluye que el nivel de actividad física es insuficiente, disminuye ligeramente con la edad y es mayor en India.Palabras Claves: Actividad física, Salud, Escolares, Niños, España, India. AbstractThe level of physical activity of people is a very important issue internationally. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the level of habitual physical activity in 8-9 years old schoolchildren from Spain and India. With this purpose, it was administered the questionnaire PACE (Physician-based Assessment and Counseling for Exercise) in a sample of 85 schoolchildren (44 from Spain and 41 from India). The results showed that the sample studied does not do enough physical activity, according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization, as they do at least 60 minutes of physical activity; only an average of 3.13 days/week (SD=1.91). 8-year-old schoolchildren do more physical activity than 9-year-old schoolchildren in both countries; boys do more physical activity than girls in both countries; schoolchildren from India do more physical activity than schoolchildren from Spain. Therefore, it is concluded that the level of physical activity is insufficient, decreases slightly with the age and is higher in India.
The purpose was to study the effects of a program of vigorous-intensity physical activity (PA) on the body composition of children. This investigation involved 32 school children from 6 to 7 years old (14 males 6.57 ± 0.51 yr., and 18 females 6.33 ± 0.49 yr.). The variables measured were: body weight, fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), total body water (TBW), basal metabolic rate (BMR), body mass index (BMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI). The body composition analysis was performed using bioelectrical impedance through the body fat monitor Tanita BC 418-MA Segmental. Stadiometer HM -250P Leicester was also used to obtain the height. The procedure was as follows: pre-test, intervention and post-test. The intervention consisted of 3 days per week of vigorous-intensity physical activity, 15 minutes per day, during 12 weeks. Data analysis was performed through SPSS 23 and significant improvements (Sig<0.05) were obtained in all the variables except for BMI. The physical activity program used in this study may be useful to improve body composition in 6-and 7-year-old children.
The lack of evaluation scales of psychomotricity in Early Childhood Education that need in the motor development by evolutionary stage and present a reduced extension of items raises the need to stress on this aspect. The objective of the present study was to design and validate a psychomotor profile evaluation scale in preschool children aged from 3 to 5 years old. The evaluation scale is based on 17 items grouped in 7 dimensions. The content of the scale was validated through the considerations of 6 expert judges, as well as the validity of understanding through 10 preschool teachers. In the same way, a pilot study was carried out, in which the scale of evaluation was applied to 77 participants who were 3, 4 and 5 years old of Early Childhood Education of the "Primary and Secondary Education School Jacinto Benavente" and "Private Center of Education Monteazahar" located in Murcia. The Aiken V values in the content assessment reflected an average score of 0.777 for most items on the three scales, which had to be revised and modified. The students of the school "Jacinto Benavente" showed better ratings than in the "Monteazahar" school. Besides, it was observed that the results among 4-year-old students were the highest versus 3 and 5 years old respectively. As the first phase of the validation process, this evaluation scale must carry on developing until it obtains values that guarantee its purpose.
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