The shipbuilding industry shows a special interest in adapting to the changes proposed by the industry 4.0. This article bets on the development of an index that indicates the current situation considering that supply chain is a key factor in any type of change, and at the same time it serves as a control tool in the implementation of improvements. The proposed indices provide a first definition of the paradigm or paradigms that best fit the supply chain in order to improve its sustainability and a second definition, regarding the key enabling technologies for Industry 4.0. The values obtained put shipbuilding on the road to industry 4.0 while suggesting categorized planning of technologies.
The supply chain is currently taking on a very important role in organizations seeking to improve the competitiveness and profitability of the company. Its transversal character mainly places it in an unbeatable position to achieve this role. This article, through a study of each of the key enabling technologies of Industry 4.0, aims to obtain a general overview of the current state of the art in shipbuilding adapted to these technologies. To do so, a systematic review of what the scientific community says is carried out, dividing each of the technologies into different categories. In addition, the global vision of countries interested in each of the enabling technologies is also studied. Both studies present a general vision to the companies of the concerns of the scientific community, thus encouraging research on the subject that is focused on the sustainability of the shipbuilding supply chain.
The shipbuilding industry and its approaches to the Industry 4.0 technologies are very few nowadays. Since the naval sector is one of the most important around the world due to its strategic, billing and employment, it is necessary for it to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution through the Key Enabling Technologies. As there is not a full view of the challenges this transformation will face, this work aims to establish the starting point for it. This research work studies the actual state of the shipbuilding industry, analysing it and giving an overview on the digital challenges. A synthesis of the Industry 4.0 potential and its benefits in the naval industry is carried out to prove that the digital transformation is necessary. A research on the initiatives taken by the enterprises of the naval sector regarding technologies linked with Industry 4.0 is conducted, so the trending in this sector can be established and analysed. Therefore, the challenges this industrial sector will have to face to meet the requirements of the Industry 4.0 are described in this work, as they are the main focus point to work on before an effective Industry 4.0 implementation and achieve the sector’s sustainability.
Keywords: Industry 4.0, Shipyard 4.0, Key Enabling Technologies, Naval sector, Digital Transformation.
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