This study compared the effects of 4 weeks of training prescribed by peak velocity (V peak ) or velocity associated with maximum oxygen uptake (vVO 2max ) in moderately trained endurance runners. Study participants were 14 runners (18–35 years) randomized into 2 groups, named group VO 2 (GVO 2 ) and group V peak (GVP). The GVO 2 had training prescribed by vVO 2max and its time limit (t lim ), whereas the GVP had training prescribed by V peak and its t lim . Four tests were performed on a treadmill: 2 maximum incremental for V peak and vVO 2max and 2 for their t lim . Performance (10 km) was evaluated on a 400 m track. Evaluations were repeated after 4 weeks of endurance training. The results showed a significant effect of training on V peak [GVP (16.7±1.2 – 17.6±1.5 km . h −1 ), GVO 2 (17.1±1.9–17.7±1.6 km·h −1 )]; vVO 2max [GVP (16.4±1.4–17.0±1.3 km·h −1 ), GVO 2 (17.2±1.7–17.5±1.9 km·h −1 )]; and 10 km performance [GVP (41.3±2.4–39.9±2.7 min), GVO 2 (40.1±3.4–39.2±2.9 min)]. The V peak highly correlated with performance in both pre- and post-training in GVP (–0.97;–0.86) and GVO 2 (–0.95;–0.94), as well as with vVO 2max in GVP (–0.82;–0.88) and GVO 2 (–0.99; –0.98). It is concluded that training prescribed by V peak promoted similar improvements compared to training prescribed by vVO 2max . The use of V peak is recommended due to its practical application and the low cost of determination.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic beetroot juice (BRJ) supplementation on 10-km running performance in recreational runners. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover-designed study, fourteen male recreational runners (age: 27.8 ± 3.4 y) performed three 10-km running tests at baseline, under the conditions of BRJ supplementation and placebo (PLA). Supplementation was administered for three days, and on the day of the assessments, the ingestion occurred two hours before each test and consisted of a dose of 420 mL of BRJ in natura (8.4 mmol NO3-/day) or PLA with depleted NO3- (0.01 mmol NO3-/day). The mean velocity (MV) was calculated and the following variables were determined: maximum heart rate (HRmax), maximal rating of perceived exertion (RPEmax), and determined at pre and post test glucose concentrations (Glycpre, Glycpost), and lactate peak. There was no main effect between conditions regarding to 10-km running time performance (BRJ: 50.1 ± 5.3; PLA: 51.0 ± 5.1 min, p = 0.391) and total MV (BRJ: 12.1 ± 1.3; PLA: 11.9 ± 1.2 km·h-1, p = 0.321), as well as in the other analyzed variables. The time to complete the first half of the test (5 km) was statistically lower in the BRJ compared to that in the PLA (P = 0.027). In conclusion, chronic supplementation with BRJ increasing MV in the first half of the test and improves the final test time of ten of the fourteen runners, although we did not find a statistically significant difference in the performance of 10-km.

No abstract

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the Influence of two distinct Periods of the day on maximal aerobic power in young Athletes mountain bike. Volunteers are the mountain bike Athletes, 37.83 ± 8.87 years, and underwent two progressive maximal exercise test on a cycle Ergometer at two times of day. Gauging the behavior glucose and heart rate. The verification of normality of data was performed by the Shapiro-Wilk test for analysis of variables was Adopted t test for paired samples. Statistical we Adopted an evidence for p <0.05. Results: Were the glucose threshold results not statistically significant. However trends indicating were there a better outcome in the evening. The maximal workload, maximal heart rate and glycemic load threshold. Conclusions: The results show trends on performance and circadian rhythm, and yet, the routine or team chosen for sensivity training appears to the circadian cycle.

Objetivo: Esse estudo investigou a motivação para a prática de corrida de rua em atletas amadores de alta performance e amadores da cidade de Maringá (PR). Métodos: Participaram 34 atletas de corrida de rua (16 amadores e 18 amadores de alta performance). Como instrumentos de coleta de dados foram aplicados um questionário sociodemográfico para caracterização da amostra e trajetória no esporte assim como a Escala de Motivação para o Esporte (SMS- II). Para análise dos dados, foi utilizado o pacote estatístico SPSS 20.0. As respostas sociodemográficas dos atletas foram expressas em estatística descritiva; os dados da escala de motivação foram expostos em média e desvio padrão, para verificar a normalidade dos dados foi adotado o teste Shapiro Wilk, a comparação da motivação para o esporte dos atletas foi utilizado o teste “t” de Student, adotado o nível de significância de p0,05. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram que a média de idade dos atletas foi de 34,3±8,1 anos; 52,9% são do sexo masculino e 47,1 são do sexo feminino; o tempo de prática varia de 3 meses à 22 anos. Com relação à motivação para o esporte, foi predominante a motivação intrínseca tanto para o grupo de atletas amadores de alta performance (6,2±1,1) quanto para atletas amadores (5,8±1,6). Além do mais, não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas na motivação entre os grupos. Conclusão: Não há diferença entre motivação para a prática de corrida de rua entre atletas amadores de alta performance e amadores da cidade de Maringá, além disso, para ambos os atletas as motivações para o esporte são predominantemente intrínsecas. ABSTRACT. Motivation for the practice of the street race: difference between high performance amateur athletes and amateur athletes. Objective: This study investigated the motivation for the practice of street racing in high performance amateurs athletes and amateurs of the city of Maringá-PR. Methods: Thirty-four street-racing athletes participated (18 high performance and 16 amateurs). Sociodemographic questionnaires were used to characterize the athletes and trajectory in the sport, as well as the motivation scale for the sports (SMS-II). Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20.0 software (SPSS Inc., USA). Results: The sociodemographic responses of the athletes were expressed in descriptive statistics; data for the motivation scale are presented as means ± standard deviations (SD), to verify the normality of the data the Shapiro Wilk test was used, the comparison of the motivation for athletes’ sports, with a significance level of p0.05. The results indicated that the mean age of the athetes is 34.3±8.1 years, and 52.9% are male and 47.1% are female, and the practice time varies from 3 months to 22 years. Regarding the motivation for the sport, the intrinsic motivation was predominant for both the high performance athlete group (6.0±1.1) and for amateur athletes (5,8±1,6). Conclusion: There is no difference between motivation for the practice of street racing between high performance amateurs athletes and amateurs of the city of Maringá, moreover, for both athletes the motivations for the sport are predominantly intrinsic.

This study aimed to examine which variable, between the peak running velocity determined on the track field (Vpeak_TF) and critical speed (CS), is the best predictor of the 5-km running performance in recreational runners. Twenty-five males performed three tests to determine the Vpeak_TF, CS, and 5-km running performance on the track field, with a minimal interval of 48 h between each test. The Vpeak_TF protocol started with a velocity of 8 km⋅h–1, followed by an increase of 1 km⋅h–1 every 3 min until volitional exhaustion, which was controlled by sound signals, with cones at every 25 m indicating when the participants were required to pass the cone’s position to maintain the required velocity. The participants performed three time trials (TTs) (1: 2,600 m; 2: 1,800 m; and 3: 1,000 m) on the same day, with a 30-min rest period to determine the CS through the combinations of three (CS1,2,3) and two TTs (CS1,2, CS1,3, and CS2,3). The 5-km running performance time was recorded to determine the test duration, and the mean velocity (MV) was calculated. There was a significant difference observed between the Vpeak_TF and the MV 5-km running performance. However, no differences were found between the CS values and the MV 5-km running performance. A correlation was observed between the Vpeak_TF (R = −0.90), CS1,2,3 (R = −0.95), CS1,3 (R = −0.95), and the 5-km running performance time. Linear regression indicated that the Vpeak_TF (R2 = 0.82), CS1,2,3 (R2 = 0.90), and CS1,3 (R2 = 0.90) significantly predicted the 5-km running performance time. The CS results showed a higher predictive power for the 5-km running performance, slightly better than the Vpeak_TF. Also, CS1,2,3 and the CS1,3 presented the highest predictive power for the 5-km running performance of recreational runners.

No abstract

ResumoO objetivo do estudo foi verificar a influência do nível de performance na estratégia de ritmo de corrida de corredores recreacionais. Adicionalmente, objetivou-se descrever o comportamento da frequência cardíaca (FC) obtida em prova de 10 km em pista de atletismo. Participaram 39 corredores recreacionais (31,5 ± 6,7 anos), experientes em provas de 10 km que realizaram uma performance nesta distância em pista de atletismo (400 m). A FC foi constantemente monitorada (Polar RS800) e o tempo a cada 400 m foi registrado para determinação da velocidade média (VM), posteriormente analisada a cada 2 km. Os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a VM alcançada nos testes: G1 = VM 10 km ≤ 11,81 (n = 20) e G2 = VM 10 km > 11,81 (n = 19). A comparação entre os valores de VM e FC obtidos nos diferentes momentos da performance para os dois grupos foi realizada pela Anova mista, adotando-se nível de significância de p < 0,05. Os valores de VM foram diferentes entre os grupos em todos os momentos analisados, com aumento significante da VM do momento 6-8 km para 8-10 km para o mesmo grupo. Os valores de FC foram diferentes apenas intra-grupos. No G1, houve aumento significante da FC a cada 2 km de prova. Para o G2, a FC aumentou do 2º ao 4º km e permaneceu estável até o 8º km, aumentando novamente nos últimos 2 km da performance. Concluímos que o nível de performance não influencia a estratégia de corrida de corredores recreacionais.