BackgroundAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a pathological enlargement of infrarenal aorta close to the aortic bifurcation, and it is an important cause of mortality in the elderly. Therefore, the biomarker identification for early diagnosis is of great interest for clinical benefit. It is known that microRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles via target genes regulation in many diseases. This study aimed to identify miRNAs and their target genes involved in the pathogenesis of AAA.MethodsTissue samples were obtained from patients who underwent AAA surgery and from organ donors (control group). Quantitative PCR Array was applied to assess 84 genes and 384 miRNAs aiming to identify differentially expressed targets (AAA n = 6, control n = 6), followed by validation in a new cohort (AAA n = 18, control n = 6) by regular qPCR. The functional interaction between validated miRNAs and target genes was performed by the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software.ResultsThe screening cohort assessed by PCR array identified 10 genes and 59 miRNAs differentially expressed (≥2-fold change, p<0.05). Among these, IPA identified 5 genes and 9 miRNAs with paired interaction. ALOX5, PTGIS, CX3CL1 genes, and miR-193a-3p, 125b-5p, 150-5p maintained a statistical significance in the validation cohort. IPA analysis based on the validated genes and miRNAs revealed that eicosanoid and metalloproteinase/TIMP synthesis are potentially involved in AAA.ConclusionPaired interactions of differentially expressed ALOX5, PTGIS, CX3CL1 genes, and miR-193b-3p, 125b-5p, 150-5p revealed a potentially significant role of the eicosanoid synthesis and metalloproteinase/TIMP pathways in the AAA pathogenesis.
Schwannomas are tumors that are typically benign. They are derived from Schwann cells (glial cells of the peripheral nervous system that serve to separate and isolate nerve cells from adjacent structures). The most common type of schwannoma is a benign tumor of cranial nerve VIII and is referred to as an acoustic neuroma. When extradural, such tumors usually present as masses that can invade adjacent structures, thereby becoming symptomatic, as in the case of intrathoracic schwannomas (typically found in the posterior mediastinum). Herein, we present a case of a schwannoma treated through video-assisted thoracoscopy, and we review the literature on the subject.
CONTEXT: Stafne's bone defect is a benign lesion appearing on the image as a round radiolucent lesion within a cortical defect on the mandible. CASE REPORT: We attend one 46-year-old male patient came for diagnostic evaluation of a rounded and radiolucent lesion in the transition of the subcondylar region and neck of the left mandible ramus incidentally found by a dentist. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were performed in medical radiology and a Stafne's cyst was diagnosed in an atypical location. CONCLUSION: We emphasize that Stafne's bone defect is a benign lesion, whose imaging diagnosis can be conclusive, avoiding unnecessary surgical procedures.
ResumoO presente trabalho busca delinear o perfil social e econômico de portadores da Leishmaniose Cutânea Americana do município de Barbalha, região serrana no sul cearense, endêmica para a doença, sendo esse fato a principal justificativa para esta análise. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, cujos dados foram colhidos de prontuários do Ambulatório de Doenças Tropicais de Barbalha e analisados pelo Software Microsoft Access 2007. Os Resultados demonstraram que os casos de LTA predominaram no sexo masculino, na zona rural e nas faixas etárias mais jovens. Dessa forma, concluímos que as condições culturais e sociais influem na disposição da doença, as populações de níveis econômicos mais baixos mostram-se mais vulneráveis à infestação e devem ser o alvo das políticas públicas de saúde.Palavras-Chave: Cariri; flebótomo; Leishmania. IntroduçãoAs leishmanioses são infecções parasitárias causadas por protozoários do gênero Leishmania que podem se manifestar sob diferentes formas clínicas: cutâneas (cutânea localizada, cutânea disseminada, cutânea difusa), cutaneomucosa e a forma visceral, dependendo da espécie de Leishmania envolvida e da resposta imune do individuo infectado (PEARSON & SOUSA 1996). Estas parasitoses são endêmicas em 88 países, com 350 milhões de pessoas vivendo em áreas de risco, sendo notificados 500 mil casos novos de leishmaniose visceral e 1-1,5 milhões de casos novos de formas tegumentares por ano (DESJEUX, 2004
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