787Pesq. Vet. Bras. 30(9):787-792, setembro 2010 RESUMO.-[Efeitos da infecção por oocistos de Toxoplasma gondii sobre a parede intestinal e o plexo mientérico de Gallus gallus.] O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os efeitos da infecção pelo Toxoplasma gondii sobre a parede intestinal e o plexo mientérico de Gallus gallus. Dez galinhas de 36 dias de idade separadas em dois grupos: controle e experimental inoculado com oocistos da cepa M7741 de T. gondii (genótipo III) pela via oral. Após 60 dias os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia e o duodeno coletado. Parte dos segmentos intestinais foi submetida à rotina histológica, coloração por HE e técnica histoquímica de PAS e Alcian Blue. Realizou-se uma avaliação qualitativa da parede intestinal e medidas comparativas entre os grupos da espessura da parede total, túnica muscular, muscular da mucosa e túnica mucosa. As célu-las caliciformes foram quantificadas. Outra parte dos seg- This paper aims to analyze the effects of the Toxoplasma gondii infection in the intestinal wall and myenteric plexus of chicken (Gallus gallus). Ten 36-day-old chickens were separated into two groups: control and experimental, orally inoculated with oocysts of the T. gondii strain M7741 genotype III. After 60 days the birds were submitted to euthanasia and had their duodenum removed. Part of the intestinal segments was submitted to histological routine, HE staining, PAS histochemical technique, and Alcian Blue. Qualitative analysis of the intestinal wall and comparative measurements among the groups with respect to total wall thickness, muscle tunic, mucosa, and tunica mucosa were carried out. Caliciform cells were quantified. The other part of the intestinal segments was fixed in formol acetic acid and dissected having the tunica mucosa and the tela submucosa removed. Neurons were stained with Giemsa, counted, and measured. Chickens from the experimental group presented diarrhea and inflammatory infiltrates in the tunica mucosa, thickness reduction of all the parameters assessed in the intestinal wall, and an increase of the number of caliciform cells. There was a ~70% reduction regarding the intensity of myenteric neurons; and the remaining cells presented a reduction of ~2.4% of the perikarion and ~40.5% of the nucleus (p<0.05). Chronic infection induced by T. gondii oocysts resulted in intestinal wall atrophy, mucin secretion increase, death and atrophy of chicken myenteric plexus neurons. Death and atrophy of myenteric plexus neurons may be related with the causes of diarrhea observed in chickens with toxoplasmosis. Effects of infection withINDEX TERMS: Chicken, toxoplasmosis, duodenum, enteric nervous system, experimental infection. mentos intestinais foi fixada em formol acético e dissecada retirando-se a túnica mucosa e a tela submucosa. Os neurônios foram corados pela técnica de Giemsa, contados e mensurados. Os animais do grupo experimental apresentaram diarréia e infiltrados inflamatórios na túnica mucosa, redução da espessura de todos os parâmetros avaliados da parede in...
This study evaluated the influence of moderate physical exercise on the myenteric neurons in the colonic intestinal wall of mice that had been infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. Parasitology and immunological aspects of the mice were considered. Forty-day-old male Swiss mice were divided into four groups: Trained Infected (TI), Sedentary Infected (SI), Trained Control (TC), and Sedentary Control (SC). The TC and TI were subjected to a moderate physical exercise program on a treadmill for 8 weeks. Three days after finishing exercise, the TI and SI groups were inoculated with 1,300 blood trypomastigotes of the Y strain-T. cruzi. After 75 days of infection results were obtained. Kruskal-Wallis or Analyze of variance (Tukey post hoc test) at 5% level of significance was performed. Moderate physical exercise reduced both the parasite peak (day 8 of infection) and total parasitemia compared with the sedentary groups (P < 0.05). This activity also contributed to neuronal survival (P < 0.05). Exercise caused neuronal hypertrophy (P < 0.05) and an increase in the total thickness of the intestinal wall (P < 0.05). The TI group exhibited an increase in the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (P > 0.05). In trained animals, the number of goblet cells was reduced compared with sedentary animals (P < 0.05). Physical exercise prevented the formation of inflammatory foci in the TI group (P < 0.05) and increased the synthesis of TNF-α (P < 0.05) and TGF-β (P > 0.05). The present results demonstrated the benefits of moderate physical exercise, and reaffirmed the possibility of that it may contribute to improving clinical treatment in Chagas' disease patients.
RESUmEnObjetivo: Evaluar el efecto del pre condicionamiento con sinvastatina en la insuficiencia renal aguda inducida por sepsis. Método: Ratas Wistar, adultas, machos, fueron distribuidos en los grupos: SHAM (control); SHAM+Estatina (0,5 mg/kg sinvastatina, vía oral); Sepsis (ligadura y punción cecal -LPC); Sepsis+Estatina. Fueron evaluados los parámetros fisiológicos, la cultura de líquido peritoneal, la función renal, los metabolitos oxidativos, la severidad de la insuficiencia renal aguda y la supervivencia de los animales. Resultados: El tratamiento con sinvastatina en la sepsis inducida demostró elevación del aclaramiento de creatinina con atenuación de la generación de los metabolitos oxidativos, menor severidad del fallo renal agudo y reducción del índice de mortalidad. Conclusión: Esta investigación confirmó la renoprotección con principio antioxidante de la sinvastatina en el fallo renal agudo inducido por la sepsis en modelo experimental. dEScRiPtoRES Antioxidantes Lesión renal aguda Sepsis RESUmoObjetivo: Avaliar o efeito do pré-condicionamento com sinvastatina na lesão renal aguda induzida por sepse. Método: Ratos Wistar, adultos, machos foram distribuídos nos grupos: SHAM (controle); SHAM+Estatina (0,5 mg/kg sinvastatina, via oral); Sepse (ligadura punção de cé-cum -LPC); Sepse+Estatina. Foram avaliados parâmetros fisiológicos, cultura líqui-do peritoneal, função renal, metabólitos oxidativos, gravidade da lesão renal aguda e sobrevida dos animais. Resultados: O tratamento com sinvastatina na sepse induzida demonstrou elevação do clearance de creatinina com atenuação da geração dos metabólitos oxidativos, menor gravidade da lesão renal aguda e redução da taxa de mortalidade. Conclusão: Esta investigação confirmou a renoproteção com princípio antioxidante da sinvastatina na lesão renal aguda induzida pela sepse em modelo experimental.
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