Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons Attribution, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições desde que o trabalho original seja corretamente citado. Comércio informal e formal de alimentos no AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the trading of food in schools, both informally and in canteens. The study was carried out from March to May 2011, in a universe of 110 elementary and middle schools of the municipal, state and private networks of a municipality in the central region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, of which 104 (94.5%) took part in the survey; 28.8% had a canteen, with a marked presence in the private schools. Of the schools that had no canteen, 40.4% had informal ways of food trading, mostly in the municipal schools. In the canteens there was a greater supply of fried snacks and pastries, hot dogs, pizzas, burgers, candy, chewing gum and lollipops, sodas, processed juices and water. The foods most sold in all the environments were fried goods, baked goods, hot dogs, candies, chocolates and soft drinks. In summary one can conclude that no school canteen conformed in full to current law, but the canteens of the private schools were more satisfactory than those in the other schools. Keywords

Aim: to verify the association between social support and the practice of exclusive breastfeeding until the third month of life of the infant. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in a prospective cohort study, with mothers and children born in a public hospital in Rio Grande do Sul. Data collected up to 48 hours after delivery and in the baby's third month of life on home visits were used. Data on socioeconomic classification, maternal age, prenatal care and infant feeding were evaluated and the Social Support Scale validated for Portuguese was applied. Data collection took place from July 2017 to October 2018. Results: 47 nursing mothers were interviewed in the first 48 hours postpartum and in the infant's third month of life. It was found that 24 (51.1%) infants were exclusively breastfeeding in the third month of life, followed by 12 (25.5%) in the absence of breastfeeding and 11 (23.3%) in mixed and complementary breastfeeding. Emotional support showed a statistically significant association (p <0.05) with the type of breastfeeding received by the infant. Conclusions: The average duration of exclusive breastfeeding found was higher than the national average. The only type of social support that showed a statistically significant association with exclusive breastfeeding was emotional support.

Esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar a influência do ganho de peso materno sobre o estado nutricional do recém-nascido (RN). Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo com delineamento transversal. A amostra foi constituída por mães e bebês nascidos em um hospital público de Santa Maria - RS. Nas primeiras 48 horas após o parto realizaram-se: a coleta de dados do prontuário médico, do cartão da gestante e as entrevistas com a puérpera. A coleta de dados constituiu-se por meio de um questionário, em que estavam divididos em bloco: gestação, mãe e criança. Foram avaliados 184 mães e recém-nascidos, a média do peso pré-gestacional ficou em 60,96±11,57 kg, e a média do ganho de peso gestacional foi de 13±5,18 kg, quanto a classificação do peso para idade gestacional, 145 (81%) dos RNs encontraram-se AIG, 16 (8,9%) PIG e 18 (10,1%) GIG. Destaca-se que os RNs com peso adequado para idade gestacional foram os que obtiveram estatisticamente maior pontuação dos itens socioeconômicos e de saúde. Após analisar a influência do ganho de peso materno sobre o estado nutricional, observou-se que o número de consultas pré-natal, ganho de peso gestacional adequado, escolaridade e renda familiar, associados interferiram de alguma forma no estado nutricional das puérperas e do RNs.

Objective: to verify the association between nutritional status and the occurrence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in individuals with cerebral palsy. Methods: a cross-sectional, quantitative study with people aged between two and 20 years. Neuromotor impairment, occurrence and degree of dysphagia, anthropometry, food consumption, feeding route, diet fractionation and consistency were evaluated. Swallowing evaluation was performed by a skilled speech-language-hearing therapist, through the Clinical Evaluation Protocol of Pediatric Dysphagia (PAD-PED, Portuguese acronym).The statistical analysis was performed adopting p<0.05%. Results: 40 subjects with a median of 8.7 (5.45-14.5) years, 65% of whom were males. Concerning neuromotor impairment, 72.5% were classified at levels IV and V. The prevalence of dysphagia was 70%, the feeding route being predominantly oral (77.5%) with a normal diet consistency (55%). In the growth curves, all of them were classified within an adequate height for their age. As for weight, body mass index and skinfolds, 82.5%, 85% and 62.5% were eutrophic, respectively. Statistically significant association was found between dysphagia and body mass index (p=0.018). The mean daily caloric and proteic intake was 1427.29±338.62 kcal and 56.86±17.57 grams, respectively. Statistically significant association was found between the feeding route and the amount of protein ingested daily (p=0.041). Conclusion: most subjects presented oropharyngeal dysphagia and more severe motor impairment; they were fed orally with a normal diet consistency. It was observed that the greater the difficulty in swallowing, the greater the impairment of nutritional status.

The research aimed to evaluate the effects of home interventions in the continuity of breastfeeding. It is a randomized experimental study with data collection and intervention carried out between January and July 2013. Participants were 20 women (11 in the intervention group and 9 in the control group) who had their children in a public hospital in the city of Santa Maria-RS, Brazil, followed in their homes after hospital discharge. Four home visits were carried out (7th, 14th, 30th and 45th day after delivery) to collect data and conduct interventions in order to promote and support breastfeeding. The results showed that most mothers were primiparous, had formal jobs and had not received guidance on prenatal breastfeeding in both groups. In addition, high frequency was found in the consumption of other types of milk in the diet of infants, in addition to breast milk at the end of the 45 days of life and frequent use of pacifiers and / or bottle. The study found that household interventions were important, however, more research with more time to assess the effectiveness of interventions is necessary.

No abstract