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El artículo tiene el objetivo de analizar la tendencia en la formación en disciplinas académicas de ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas de mujeres latinoamericanas. Para ello, se considera el efecto de su  inclusión educativa en el desarrollo de la región y la reducción de la brecha de género. Propone una reflexión a partir de reportes internacionales de desarrollo económico y humano para mostrar que la realidad de las mujeres en el desarrollo de este tipo de competencias sigue siendo desigual en comparación con los hombres. Aunque el  presente artículo no consigue abordar factores culturales relacionados, sí arroja luz sobre la necesidad de afrontar la falta de inclusión educativa en estas áreas. Como conclusión, se determina que la adquisición de competencias en las disciplinas académicas de ciencia,  tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas resulta determinante para la reducción de la brecha de género en la región latinoamericana ante los requerimientos de la industria 4.0.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to find evidence of construct validity in a Mexican population for a socially responsible consumption (SRC) measurement scale originally proposed for Colombia. Design/methodology/approach Using a quantitative approach and a correlational scope, factorial invariance and differential item functioning analyses were performed on the SRC measurement scale based on data from 323 Colombian graduate students and 456 Mexican students. Findings The empirical evidence confirms that the factor structure of the SRC measurement scale applied in Colombia remains valid in the Mexican context. Research limitations/implications Limitations pertain to the attitudinal measurement scale and the non-representativeness of the chosen samples. Practical implications When identifying a structure for SRC, particularly considering the formulation of marketing strategies and business reputation, companies should consider the new criteria of buying consumption. Originality/value For the first time in Latin America, an SRC measurement scale is constructed, and its construct validity is evaluated for two countries: Mexico and Colombia. The authors thus provide empirical evidence for the hypothesis that SRC measurement is contingent on the expression of measurement considering the socioeconomic and cultural context in which the study is conducted.

Abstract:The research objective is to compare the differences in self-perception of organizational pride and loyalty between millennials and generation x, considering the variables of gender and seniority. The reason for this study is the importance of millennials' influence in the business sector, and the effect it is having in terms of turnover toward companies.The study was conducted on 432 employees working in a cluster of companies located in northeastern Mexico. For statistical purposes, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on the different groups compared. Based on the findings, there is a generational difference in terms of organizational loyalty between male millennials and generation x males, when both have recently joined their respective organizations. The differences withdraw when both groups have stayed more than 3 years at their organization. On the other hand, there are no variances between millennial men and millennial women, independently if they just arrived to the organization or have more than 3 years tenure working for their company. This reaffirms the existing similarities amongst millennials, specifically in the way this generation thinks about organizational culture, where there is no gender distinction. JEL Classifications: M51, M54

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