RESUMO:Neste trabalho, avaliaram-se o acúmulo de sais no solo e a produtividade do feijão-decorda, em função da fração de lixiviação (FL) e da salinidade da água de irrigação. Utilizou-se de delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições. Foram estudados os seguintes tratamentos: 1 -água do poço com condutividade elétrica (CEa) de 0,8 dS m -1 (sem FL); 2 -água salina com CEa de 5,0 dS m -1 sem FL; 3 -água salina com CEa de 5,0 dS m -1 com FL de 0,14; 4 -água salina com CEa de 5,0 dS m -1 com FL de 0,28. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: acúmulo de sais no solo, crescimento vegetativo, produtividade, trocas gasosas e teores de Na + , Ca +2 , K + e Cl -nas folhas. A aplicação de água salina provocou acúmulo de sais no solo, porém esses efeitos foram parcialmente revertidos pelo aumento da FL; a salinidade reduziu a produtividade de grãos, porém não afetou sua qualidade; a redução na produtividade ocasionada pela salinidade deveu-se, em parte, à redução na assimilação líquida de carbono durante as fases de floração e frutificação, associada aos efeitos osmóticos e ao acúmulo de Na + e Cl -nas folhas; as frações de lixiviação não tiveram muita influência na superação dos danos provocados pela salinidade sobre o desenvolvimento das plantas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:água salina, Vigna unguiculata L. Walp., estresse salino. COWPEA YIELD AND SOIL SALT ACCUMULATION AS A FUNCTION OF LEACHING FRACTION AND IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY ABSTRACT:The study had the objective to evaluate the effect of water salinity and the leaching fraction (LF) on soil salt accumulation and on the yield of grains of cowpea plants. A completely randomized block design, with four treatments and five repetitions, was adopted. The treatments studied were: 1 -well water with ECw of 0.8 dS m -1 (without LF); 2 -saline water with ECw of 5.0 dS m -1 (without LF); 3 -saline water with ECw of 5.0 dS m -1 with LF of 0.14, and 4 -saline water with ECw of 5.0 dS m -1 with LF of 0.28. The following parameters were evaluated: soil salt accumulation, vegetative plant growth, yield, gas exchange and leaf ion contents (Na + , Ca +2 , K + , and Cl -). The saline water application provoked salt accumulation in the soil profile, but this effect was partially reverted by the increase of the leaching fraction. Salinity reduced plant yield, but it did not affect its quality. The reduction in plant yield was related, at least in part, to decrease in net assimilation of carbon during flowering and fruit development due to osmotic effects and to accumulation of potentially toxic ions (Na + and Cl -). In general, the increase in leaching fraction did not reduce the effect of the salinity on plant development.
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