Objective: Acute HIV infection (AHI) is a stage with a rapid decrease in CD4+ T lymphocyte count, high viremia, and high transmissibility. Early diagnosis of AHI represents an opportunity for treatment and prevention of transmission. Therefore, we aimed to determine the clinical and laboratory findings in patients with acute HIV infection. Methods: Patients diagnosed with AHI among newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients were evaluated in the study. AHI diagnosis was defined as an HIV RNA result of at least 10,000 copies/ml with one of the following criteria: a negative or indeterminate HIV antibody test result in a person with a reactive Ag/Ab test result or a patient with a negative Ag/Ab test result has HIV RNA detected in serum or plasma or HIV serology positivity in a patient with signs and symptoms of AHI starting 2-6 weeks after high-risk HIV exposure. In addition, the history, clinical, and laboratory findings of patients with AHI were analyzed retrospectively. Results: One hundred six patients had a new HIV diagnosis during the study period. Of those, 12 (11.3%) were AHI. 10 (83.3%) of the patients with AHI were male, and seven were men who had sex with men. The mean age of the patients was 30 (21-50) years. Fourth-generation ELISA was negative in one patient initially; the repeated test was positive ten days later. While the 4th generation ELISA test of two patients was positive at the time of diagnosis, the confirmation test result was indeterminate. The 4th generation ELISA test was positive in nine patients with AHI symptoms starting 10-30 days after unprotected sexual intercourse. The duration of the patient’s complaints until the admission was found to be 13 (7-30) days. The most common findings were fever, diarrhea, fatigue, sore throat, lymphadenopathy, rash, nausea, and vomiting. Conclusion: The AHI rate was 11.3% in newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection. Awareness of AHI’s signs and symptoms to initiate early diagnosis and treatment. Thus, a better HIV infection course and reduced HIV transmission can be achieved.
Human mpox (formerly monkeypox) disease has recently been reported in a number of European countries among individuals with no history of international travel or animal contact, causing global epidemic concerns. We describe the demographic, clinical characteristics, and laboratory data of four male patients with mpox disease, three of whom were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive, and one who was HIV-negative but had type 1 diabetes mellitus and a recent history of urological surgery. The HIV-negative patient attracted interest because he had no history of suspected sexual contact; however, he used shared bathrooms and towels at work, which could explain the potential transmission route. The remaining three male patients engaged in sexual activity with men recently. All four patients had prodromal symptoms such as short-term fever, myalgia, or fatigue, followed by a vesicular-pustular rash that began in the genital area, and two also had lesions on other parts of their bodies. Mpox is not generally considered in the differential diagnosis intitally because it is rare in Turkey; however, the diagnosis should be considered in patients with pustular umbilicated lesions and a history of risky sexual behavior. Keywords: mpox, outbreak, lesion, rash, HIV, infection
ÖzCoronavirus hastalığı-19'un en yaygın klinik bulguları ateş, öksürük ve solunum güçlüğü olmakla birlikte diğer sistem ve organ tutulumlarına ait bulgular da mevcuttur. Dermatolojik bulgularla ilgili giderek artan bildirimler olmaktadır. COVID-19 olgularında deri belirtilerinin zamanlaması değişkenlik göstermektedir. Sık görülen dermatolojik belirtilerden olan makülopapüler döküntüler COVID-19 ile ilişkili olabileceği gibi, ilaç reaksiyonları gibi farklı klinik durumlarda da görülebilmektedir. Bu durum, bulguların zamanlamasındaki değişkenliklerle birlikte değerlendirildiğinde ayırıcı tanıda zorluklara neden olmaktadır. Bu yazıda COVID-19 tanısıyla takip edilen ve klinik iyileşme dönemini takiben vücutta yaygın maklopapler döküntü bulguları ile başvuran iki olgu sunulmuştur.
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