The effect of physical activity on the immune system is still poorly understood in cases of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Therefore, our aim was to investigate differences in the serum levels of cytokines (IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α) and the numbers of CD11b + and CXCR2 + neutrophils and lymphocytes in women with SLE undergoing drug treatment, without ( n = 9) or with ( n = 5) 4 months of kinesiotherapy. Parameters related to functional capacity were also analyzed. In the case of the patients who were not submitted to kinesiotherapy, there were reductions in the levels of IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10, and an increase in the number of CD11b + leukocytes, in addition to an increase in abdominal circumference after the monitoring time. Patients submitted to kinesiotherapy did not present changes in serum cytokines or in the numbers of CD11b + and CXCR2 + neutrophils and lymphocytes, but there were increases of flexibility and strength, as well as a reduction in pain sensation after the monitoring time. In conclusion, kinesiotherapy was able to increase flexibility and reduce pain in SLE patients without influencing immune parameters.
RESUMO:O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar e comparar os efeitos de 05 semanas de treinamento resistido sobre variáveis musculoesqueléticas, utilizando aparelhos de musculação ou massa corporal como resistência, em jovens não treinadas. Realizou-se estudo longitudinal, controlado, com 26 voluntárias divididas por sorteio simples em três grupos semelhantes: treinado com aparelho de musculação (GAM); treinado com resistência corporal (GRC); e sem treinamento -grupo controle (GC). Avaliações iniciais e reavaliações físicas após 05 semanas envolveram testes de flexibilidade, força e resistência muscular. Os grupos experimentais realizaram protocolos específicos de treinamento. De 15 variáveis analisadas, houve diferença significante em 09 favoráveis ao GRC e em 05 favoráveis aos GAM em relação ao GC. Houve diferença significante entre GRC e GAM somente para uma variável, favorável ao GAM. Constatou-se que 05 semanas de treinamento resistido foram suficientes para gerar alterações significantes sobre a flexibilidade, a força e a resistência muscular. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: COMPARING DIFFERENT RESISTING EXERCISES FOR NON-TRAINED YOUNG PEOPLEABSTRACT: The effects of a five-week resisting training on muscleskeleton variables were compared. Bodybuilding or body mass apparatuses as resistance were employed by non-trained young people. The control longitudinal study was performed on 26 voluntary young people divided into three similar groups: trained with bodybuilding apparatus (GAM), trained with body resistance (GRC); non-trained (GC). After 5 weeks, physical initial and re-evaluations involved flexibility, force and muscular resistance tests. Experimental groups undertook specific training protocols. There was significant difference in 9 out of the 15 variables analyzed which were favorable to GRC and in 5 which were favorable to GAM, when compared to GC. There was a significant difference between GRC and GAM for a single variable, favorable to GAM. Results showed that five weeks of resisting training were sufficient to produce significant changes on flexibility, force and muscle resistance.
Abstract-This study aimed to identify useful electronic grip dynamometry parameters to track differences between trained (TR) and untrained (UT) participants, and between dominant (DO) and non-dominant (ND) limbs as a consequence of upper limbs muscle fatigue following 10 RM tests of the brachial biceps. This experimental study with transversal design involved 18 young adult males, of whom 9 were untrained and 9 were experienced in resistance training.Isometric grip force was evaluated (30 seconds long) previous and after 10RM tests by means of a G200 Model grip dynamometer with precision load cell (Biometrics®). Significant differences between initial and final measurements were found only for trained participants: Peak force for TR-DO (67.1 vs 55.5 kgf, p = .0277); Raw average for TR-DO (46.96 vs 42.22 kgf, p = .0464), and for TR-ND (40.34 vs 36.13 kgf, p = .0277). Electronic grip dynamometry efficiently identified upper limbs fatigue in trained participants, being raw average measurements the best parameter.Keywords: muscle strength dynamometer, muscle fatigue, hand strength, resistance training.Resumo-"Rastreamento de fadiga de membros superiores por meio da dinamometria eletrônica." Objetivou-se identificar parâmetros da dinamometria eletrônica de preensão palmar úteis para monitorar diferenças entre indivíduos treinados (TR) e não treinados (UT) e entre membros dominantes (DO) e não dominantes (ND) após indução de fadiga pelo teste de 10RM para bíceps braquial. Tratou-se de estudo experimental, transversal, envolvendo 18 homens adultos jovens, 9 não treinados e 9 experientes em treinamento resistido. Avaliou-se a força isométrica de preensão palmar (por 30 segundos) antes e após o teste de 10 RM por dinamômetro de preensão com célula de carga de precisão modelo G200 (Biometrics®). Houve diferença significativa entre valores iniciais e finais somente para treinados: Pico de força para TR-DO (67,1 vs 55,5 kgf, p = 0,0277); média bruta para TR-DO (46,96 vs 42,22 kgf, p = 0,0464) e para TR-ND (40,34 vs 36,13 kgf, p = 0,0277). A dinamometria eletrônica mostrou-se eficaz em identificar a fadiga de membros superiores nos participantes treinados, sendo a média bruta o melhor parâmetro.Palavras-chave: dinamômetro de força muscular, fadiga muscular, força da mão, treinamento de resistência.Resumen-"Seguimiento de fatiga de miembros superiores mediante dinamometría electrónica." El objetivo fue identificar los parámetros en la dinamometría electrónica de presión palmar para comprobar las diferencias en individuos entrenados (TR) y no entrenados (UT) y en miembros dominantes (DO) y no dominantes (ND) después de la fatiga inducida por la prueba de 10RM para bíceps braquial. Fue estudio experimental, transversal que incluyó 18 hombres adultos jóvenes, 9 no entrenados y 9 con experiencia en entrenamiento resistido. La fuerza isométrica de presión palmar (durante 30 segundos) después de la prueba de 10RM fue evaluada por dinamómetro de presión con célula de carga de precisión modelo G200 (Biometrics®). Fue encontrada sign...
Introdução: Exercícios resistidos (ER) podem ser realizados utilizando a própria massa corporal como resistência. Objetivo: Analisar possíveis benefícios e ganhos musculares decorrentes da prática de protocolo de ER usando a massa corporal como resistência em jovens não treinados. Métodos: Vinte jovens não treinados foram divididos em grupo controle e experimental. Em ambos os grupos, realizou-se avaliação física antes e após quatro semanas; sendo o grupo experimental submetido ao protocolo de ER específico. Resultados: O grupo experimental apresentou alterações significativas para flexibilidade de ombro (p=0,003) e de quadril (p=0,0009), força e resistência de flexão e extensão de braços (p=0043) e agachamento (p=0,0004). Foram significativas as diferenças intergrupos para flexibilidade de ombro (p=0,0101) e quadril (p=0,0024), na força e resistência de flexão e extensão de braços (p=0,0001) e agachamento (p=0,0012). Conclusão: O protocolo de ER utilizando a massa corporal como resistência por quatro semanas é suficiente para promover melhorias significativas na força, resistência muscular e na flexibilidade.
Purpose In this study, three different methods to identify event-related electrodermal responses (ER.EDRs) were applied, comparing noxious heat stimulation at four different levels. Although the level of heat leading to subjective pain is individual, temperatures above 40 to 45°C are normally experienced as painful due to the stimulation of heat-sensitive nociceptors. Methods Skin conductance (SC) data from 96 healthy participants aged between 18 and 65 years old were analyzed by means of continuous decomposition analysis (CDA), discrete decomposition analysis (DDA), and trough-to-peak analysis (TTP). Several EDR features estimated from these methods were statistically compared. Results Within the analysis window following each single stimulation, CDA and DDA methods identified more electrodermal responses between 1 and 9 s after noxious stimulation than TTP for all stimulation intensities. However, the occurrence rates of at least one ER.EDR after noxious stimulation were similar among the three methods and tended to increase with increasing intensities. Among the common features, amplitude sum had better discriminative power for differentiating noxious stimulation intensities regardless of the method. Conclusion The results suggest that all investigated methods performed similarly in identifying electrodermal changes in response to high-intensity thermal noxious stimuli. In the experimental conditions of cutaneous heat stimulation of nociceptors, good discrimination among stimulation intensities was found using the amplitude sum feature. In conclusion, although CDA and DDA were more sensitive than TTP for identifying ER.EDRs, neither CDA nor DDA brought further discriminative power to the study of noxious stimulation intensities when compared with the traditional TTP method.
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