Objectives:To evaluate the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of one- (Xeno III, Dentsply) and two-step (Tyrian-One Step Plus, Bisco) self-etching adhesive systems bonded to dentin and cemented to chemically cured (C&B Metabond) or light-cured paste of a dual-cure resin cement (Variolink II, Ivoclar) within a short (24 h) and long period of evaluation (90 days).Material and Methods:Forty recently extracted human molars had their roots removed and their occlusal dentin exposed and ground wet with 600-grit SiC paper. After application of one of the adhesives, the resin cement was applied to the bonded surface and a composite resin block was incrementally built up to a height of 5 mm (n=10). The restored teeth were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 7 days. The teeth were then cut along two axes (x and y), producing beam-shaped specimens with 0.8 mm2 cross-sectional area, which were subjected to μTBS testing at a crosshead speed of 0.05 mm/min and stressed to failure after 24 h or 90 days of storage in water. The μTBS data in MPa were subjected to three-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (α= 0.05).Results:The interaction effect for all three factors was statistically significant (three-way ANOVA, p<0.001). All eight experimental means (MPa) were compared by the Tukey's test (p<0.05) and the following results were obtained: Tyrian-One Step Plus/C&B/24 h (22.4±7.3); Tyrian-One Step Plus/Variolink II/24 h (39.4±11.6); Xeno III/C&B/24 h (40.3±12.9); Xeno III/Variolink II/24 h (25.8±10.5); Tyrian-One Step Plus/C&B/90 d (22.1±12.8) Tyrian-One Step Plus/VariolinkII/90 d (24.2±14.2); Xeno III/C&B/90 d (27.0±13.5); Xeno III/Variolink II/ 90 d (33.0±8.9).Conclusions:Xeno III/Variolink II was the luting agent/adhesive combination that provided the most promising bond strength after 90 days of storage in water.
The aim of this study was to compare intrapulpal temperature increase produced by high-speed handpiece, Er:YAG laser and CVDentus ultrasound tips during cavity preparation. Thirty bovine mandibular incisors with an enamel/dentin thickness of 4 mm at buccal surface had their roots amputated and were allocated to the following groups (n=10): Group I- high-speed handpiece; Group II- noncontact Er:YAG laser (250 mJ/4Hz); and Group III- CVDentus ultrasouns tips. All devices were used with water cooling. Class V cavities were prepared to a depth of 3.5 mm, measured with a periodontal probe. A type T thermocouple was placed inside the pulp chamber to determine the temperature increase (°C), which was recorded by a data acquisition system ADS 2000 IP (Lynx Technology) linked to a notebook computer. Data were analyzed statistically by oneway ANOVA and Tukey's test (p=0.05). The mean temperature rises were: 1.10°C (±0.56) for Group I, 0.84°C (±0.55) for Group II, and 3.00°C (± 1.34) for Group III. There were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) between Groups I and II, but both of them differed significantly from Group III (p<0.05). In conclusion, the use of Er:YAG laser and high-speed handpiece for cavity preparation resulted in similar temperature increase. Although ultrasound tips generated significantly higher intrapulpal temperature increase, it remained below the critical value of 5.5°C and may be considered safe for use.
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência de união entre uma cerâmica sintética de fluorapatita e leucita livre de feldspato e um cimento resinoso dual, variando o tempo de condicionamento ácido da superfície da cerâmica. Foram confeccionados 16 blocos de cerâmica (IPS d. SIGN- Ivoclar-Vivadent) que foram divididos aleatoriamente em 2 grupos (n=8), conforme o tempo de condicionamento ácido da superfície cerâmica: G1 - condicionamento durante 30 segundos com ácido fluorídrico 10%, seguido da aplicação do agente silano (Primer ceramic, 3M/Espe); G2: condicionamento com ácido fluorídrico 10% durante 2 minutos, seguido da aplicação do silano (Primer ceramic, 3M/Espe). Os blocos de cerâmica foram unidos a blocos de resina composta, recém confeccionados, (Fill Magic, Vigodent) com o cimento resinoso Rely X (3M/Espe) sob uma carga de 750g. Os conjuntos foram armazenados em água por 24h e seccionados em dois eixos, x e y, obtendo-se corpos-de-prova (CP) com área de aproximadamente 0,7 mm2. Os CP foram submetidos ao ensaio de microtração a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os resultados foram submetidos a duas análises estatísticas utilizando todos os CP, incluindo os com valores zero (G1 = 12,99 ± 6,7 MPa e G2 = 14,97 ± 3,7 MPa) e excluindo os com valores zero (G1 = 20,19 ± 3,8 MPa e G2 = 22,31 ± 2,8 MPa). Não foi observada diferença estatística entre os grupos em nenhuma das análises (p>0,05).
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thermocycling on the bond strength between resin cement and titanium alloy with silica coating. Six titanium alloy blocks (Rematitan, Dentaurum) were cast with dimensions of 5x6x6mm. One of the faces measuring 5x6mm of each titanium alloy block was etched with the CoJet System (3M ESPE – silica coating) and luted with Panavia F (Kuraray) to another identical block made from composite resin Z100 (3M ESPE) under a constant 750g load. The six samples formed by titanium alloy, cement and composite resin were split up in a mechanical lathe and 30 samples measuring 10x1x1mm were achieved, with an adhesive surface area of 1mm2 ± 0.2mm2. The samples were divided into 2 groups (n=15): G1 (group 1) – stored for 1 day in distilled water at 37°C; G2 (group 2) – thermocycling for a total of 2,700 cycles (5°C – 55°C, dwell time: 30s). The microtensile test was accomplished in a universal testing machine (EMIC) at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. Means and standard deviations of bond strengths (MPa) were 44.50±8.41 for G1 and 38.03±7.63 for G2. Data were analyzed using the unpaired Student t test (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between groups G1 and G2 (t=2.206; df=28; p=0.036). The bond strength values between the titanium alloy surface and the resin cement decreased after thermocycling.
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da ciclagem térmica sobre a resistência adesiva entre a superfície cerâmica do In-Ceram (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Alemanha) e o cimento resinoso (Panavia F, Kuraray CO, Japão). Foram fabricados nove blocos cerâmicos com dimensões de 5x6x6mm. Uma das faces com 5x6mm de cada bloco cerâmico foi condicionada com uma cobertura triboquímica de sílica (Sistema Rocatec, ESPE - Seefeld - Alemanha) e em seguida cimentada com Panavia F a outro bloco idêntico de resina composta (Clearfil AP-X, Kuraray CO - Japão). Os nove grupos formados por cerâmica, cimento e resina composta foram cortados em 60 corpos-de-prova com dimensões de 10x1x1mm e área adesiva que apresentava 1mm2± 0,1mm2. Os corpos-de-prova foram divididos em 3 grupos (n=20): G1 - armazenagem durante 14 dias em água destilada a 37ºC; G2 - 6000 ciclos térmicos (5ºC - 55ºC, 30s em cada temperatura); G3 - 12000 ciclos térmicos (5ºC - 55ºC, 30s em cada temperatura). Após os condicionamento térmicos, os corpos-de-prova foram fixados com adesivo de cianoacrilato ao dispositivo de microtração e testados em uma máquina de ensaio universal (EMIC - DL-1000, Equipamentos e Sistemas Ltda., dos de São José Pinhais - o PR, Brasil) com velocidade constante de 0,5mm/ min. Os dados foram submetidos aos métodos estatísticos de ANOVA e Tukey . Os resultados indicaram que os valores médios de tensão de ruptura (MPa) de G1 (14.97±4.68) não diferiram estatisticamente (p <5%) de G2 (12.27±4.72), porém houve diferença significante entre G1 e G3 (9.89±4.16). Foi possível concluir que a termociclagem reduziu os valores de resistência adesiva significativamente quando os corpos-de-prova foram submetidos a 12000 ciclos.
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