Este estudo objetivou identificar a produção científica nacional sobre os direitos da criança e do adolescente hospitalizados e analisar o papel do enfermeiro, enquanto profissional de saúde, na perspectiva desses direitos. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados LILACS e SciELO, no período de 1996 a 2008, em que foram analisados 13 artigos na íntegra. Os resultados revelam que, apesar de os artigos abordarem os direitos da criança hospitalizada, apenas um deles fazia referência à Resolução nº 41/95 que trata dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente. Conclui-se que é de suma importância que as enfermeiras pediátricas esclareçam e assegurem aos pais o direito de participação ativa na hospitalização de seu filho.
Este estudo objetivou identificar os procedimentos considerados dolorosos pela equipe de enfermagem e verificar as medidas não-farmacológicas para alívio da dor e do desconforto empregadas pela equipe de enfermagem no cuidado neonatal. Estudo descritivo-exploratório, de abordagem quantitativa, cuja coleta de dados ocorreu na Unidade Neonatal de uma maternidade do Município do Rio de Janeiro, em 2008. Das trinta e cinco profissionais de enfermagem entrevistadas que atuavam na assistência ao recém-nascido na Unidade Neonatal, pôde-se observar que 29 (82,9%) eram auxiliares de enfermagem e seis (17,1%) enfermeiras. Em relação às medidas não-farmacológicas utilizadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem, a maioria utilizava como principais medidas a contenção, a sucção não nutritiva, a glicose oral, o colo e o enrolamento. Concluiu-se que existia uma preocupação por parte da equipe de enfermagem em adotar medidas que minimizassem a dor no recém--nascido durante a hospitalização.
S U M M A R YThis study aimed to assess the prevalence and spatial distribution of bovine cysticercosis in the state of Goiás, Brazil; to verify its association with epidemiological variables, and to establish the economical losses for beef farms. A set of 23 255 979 bovines from 246 municipalities were slaughtered from 2007 through 2014. The prevalence of bovine cysticercosis was 0·53% [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0·5295-0·5354]. The Central mesoregion showed a higher risk [odds ratio (OR) = 4·44; 95% CI 4·2936-4·5895] for detecting infected animals with cysticerci compared with those raised at North and Northeast mesoregion (OR = 1·02 and OR = 1·02). The microregion of Goiânia had a higher risk for bovine cysticercosis occurrence (OR = 11·05, 95% CI 10·6933-11·4099) compared with the microregion of São Miguel do Araguaia (OR = 1). None of the epidemiological variables evaluated in this study was significantly associated (P > 0·05) with bovine cysticercosis prevalence.In conclusion, the prevalence of bovine cysticercosis in the state of Goiás, Brazil, was 0·53% and some mesoregions and microregions presented a higher risk for its occurrence. The economical losses due to its occurrence during the period ranged from US$9 260 728·57 to 11 313 816·67. These results highlighted the needs of adopting prophylactic measures and the development of political strategies in specific regions in order to control this zoonose and reduce the economical losses for beef production chain and the costs for public health.
The present study had to determine the prevalence and spatial distribution of areas at risk of bovine fascioliasis in the state of Goiás, central-western Brazil between 2007 and 2014; to evaluate the associations of some epidemiological variables with occurrences of Fasciola hepatica in animals; and to estimate the economic losses that this parasite on the cattle industry. It could be concluded that of 23,255,979 animals slaughtered, the average prevalence of F. hepatica in cattle in Goiás during the period evaluated was 0.0026% (95% CI: 0.0024-0.0028). In the State of Goias, in about then years (since when this parasite was found for the first time by other researchers in 2007), F. hepatica was diagnosed in 168 new municipalities. Using the regression analysis, the effective bovine herd size was a significant risk factor (OR= 1.21; 95% CI 1.1022-1.4510; p ≤ 0.05) for cattle to be infected with fascioliasis in the state of Goiás. The cattle-rearing industry lost approximately R$ 15,072.75 (US$ 4,785) due to condemn of livers with Fasciola in the state of Goiás. New studies need to be conducted in these regions, with the aim to identify the likelihood of presence of intermediate hosts, which might serve as a source of F. hepatica infection for definitive hosts.
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