Marecha camel has good potential for commercial camel farming and it could be the source for future food production especially in arid and semi-arid areas of Pakistan. Research work on production potential of Marecha camel is scanty. In the current study, 10 male Marecha calves (Camelus dromedarius) around 300±30 days of age were weaned at 9 months age and used in 90 days trial to study their growth rate. Calves were raised in two groups with 5 each under stall-fed conditions (intensive management system, IMS). They were offered roughage+concentrate at the ratio of 60:40. In 60 proportions the ratio between fodder (lucerne) and crop residues (gram crop residues) was 70:30. They were fed two isocaloric diets with different protein levels viz: one group with 18% CP and other group with 22% CP. Daily feeding allowance (@ 3% body weight) was calculated and adjusted according to fortnightly live weights. Water was provided twice a day. Daily weight gain was 953±50 and 996±40 g/d with 18% and 22% levels of protein ration, respectively while average DMI of concentrate, fodder and crop residues was 2.93±0.15, 3.00±0.16 and 1.31±0.08; 2.94±0.07, 3.03±0.07 and 1.31±0.03 kg/d, respectively with 18% and 22% levels of protein rations. These findings did not differ significantly (P>0.05). The calves gained 85.8 and 89.6 kg over 90 days with feed efficiency of 7.08 and 6.83 fed 18% and 22% levels of protein ration, respectively. The mean values of body condition scoring (BCS) and back fat layer measurement (BFLM) in five male camel calves of different weights, fed 18% and 22% CP ration were 4.4±0.9, 4.8±0.4 and 4.6±0.5, 4.9±0.3, respectively. The results indicated that weaning was more economical and resulted in savings of PKR 16,137 and 15,213 in calve groups fed with 18% and 22% levels of protein, respectively.
To understand the physiological responses of the Brunneifusus ternatanus to future ocean acidification (OA), histology, enzyme activity and gut bacterial composition at different pH levels (Control: C group, pH 8.1; Exposure period: EP group, pH 7.3) for 28 days were studied under laboratory conditions. Microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Enzyme activities of trypsin (TRY), lipase (LPS), amylase (AMS), and lysozyme (LZM) were used as biochemical indicators, as well as weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) as growth indicators. The stress caused by OA resulted in alterations to the intestine, including partially swollen and degranulated enterocytes and rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The relative abundance of the core phylum in the acidified group changed significantly, showing an increase in Tenericutes and a decrease in Proteobacteria. Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio declined from 4.38 in the control group to 1.25 in the EP group. We found that the enzymes TRY, LPS, and AMS activities were inhibited at reduced pH, which was positively correlated with the dominant genera Mycoplasma and Bacteroides; while LZM activities showed a significant increment, but showing a strong negative correlation. Furthermore, both WG and SRG values showed a depression at low pH lever. These results suggest that if anthropogenic CO2 emissions continue to accelerate, OA could negatively impact the whelk’s health, compromising their growth performance and even survival. These findings will benefit the future risk assessments of OA or other related emerging environmental issues.
To understand the physiological responses of the Brunneifusus ternatanus to future ocean acidification (OA), histology, enzyme activity and gut bacterial composition at different pH levels (Control : C group, pH 8.1; Exposure period : EP group, pH 7.3) for 28 days were studied under laboratory conditions. Microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Enzyme activities of trypsin (TRY), lipase (LPS), amylase (AMS), and lysozyme (LZM) were used as biochemical indicators, as well as weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) as growth indicators. The stress caused by OA resulted in alterations to the intestine, including partially swollen and degranulated enterocytes and rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The relative abundance of the core phylum in the acidified group changed significantly, showing an increase in Tenericutes and a decrease in Proteobacteria. Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio declined from 4.38 in the control group to 1.25 in the EP group. We found that the enzymes TRY, LPS, and AMS activities were inhibited at reduced pH, which was positively correlated with the dominant genera Mycoplasma and Bacteroides; while LZM activities showed a significant increment, but showing a strong negative correlation. Furthermore, both WG and SRG values showed a depression at low pH lever. These results suggest that if anthropogenic CO2 emissions continue to accelerate, OA could lead to a negative impact on the whelk health, also compromising their growth performance and even survival. These findings will benefit the future risk assessments of OA or other related emerging environmental issue.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.