The aim of this study was to develop the Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly and determine its reliability and validity. Methods:The study sample was comprised of 309 elderly participants aged 65 and older living in 2 nursing homes. The theoretical framework for the scale was the Roy Adaptation Model. The construct validity of the scale was tested using exploratory factor analysis, and reliability was assessed using internal consistency and split-half reliability. Results:The content validity index of the scale was 98.54 %. Factor analysis yielded 4 factors with eigenvalues of 1 and above, which explained 65.57% of the total variance. The alpha coefficient for the scale was 0.93. Cronbach's alpha values were 0.88 for the first half and 0.89 for the second half; the Guttman Cronbach's alpha value was 0.83. Conclusion:The final scale consists of 24 items answered on a 4-point Likert-type scale. The scale is evaluated on the basis of a mean score; the lowest score possible is 0 and the highest is 3. The closer the individual's score is to 0, the higher the level of adaptation. The current study found good reliability and validity for the scale. It is recommended for use in determining the extent of adaptation difficulties of the elderly.

This study was conducted to examine the effect of a healthy nails program on nail-biting in Turkish schoolchildren. This quasi-experimental study was of pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 50 students of a primary school formed the intervention group, while 53 students from the same school formed the control group. Data were collected with a demographic form, a nail-biting follow-up form, and photographs of the fingernails. It was found that 68.9% of students were biting seven or more of their nails; 46.6% had damaged nail beds. In the intervention group, the rate of the children who were not biting their nails (baseline = 0%, 4th week = 56.0%, 8th week = 64.0%) increased significantly compared to the control group (baseline = 0%, 4th week = 15.1%, 8th week = 18.9%). Outcomes indicate the efficacy of the healthy nails program in reducing the nail-biting problem in schoolchildren.

The Turkish version of the CSI-24 is a useful instrument for measuring self-reported somatic complaints in Turkish schoolchildren and adolescents between the ages of 9 and 15.

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