The effects of salt stress (50, 100, and 150 mM NaCl) on the levels of free, bound, and total polyamines were studied in the leaf tissues of salt-tolerant (Coban) and salt-sensitive (Sanbro) cultivars of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) plants grown for 15 or 25 days under salinity. The amounts of free, acid-soluble bound, and total spermine increased in leaf tissues of sunflower plants subjected to salt stress while the levels of other polyamines decreased or no significant changes occurred. The increase in some PA titers suggests their potential role in overcoming the adverse effect of salinity stress. The salt sensitivity of the sunflower plants was associated with the excessive accumulation of total polyamines in the leaf tissues of salt-sensitive cultivar (Sanbro) under saline condition. The content of other compounds such as proline, protein, and ions (Na + , K + , Cl -, K + /Na + ) in leaf tissue changed depending on salt concentration and the cultivars used.
Vertebral bone marrow fat content calculated with CS-MRI is not a reliable parameter for predicting bone mineral density in female patients aged between 50 and 65 years.
Objective: Early diagnosis and treatment of testicular adrenal rest tumors (TART) is important for gonadal functions and fertility protection in boys with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). In this descriptive study, we investigated the prevalence of TART in boys with 21-hydroxylase deficient (21OHD) CAH followed in our pediatric endocrine clinic.Methods: The study group consisted of 14 male patients with a mean age of 9.6±5.1 (range: 0.8-18.3) years. Six (42.9%) of the 14 patients were diagnosed as having salt-wasting type (SW) and eight (57.1%) patients - as having the simple virilizing (SV) form of 21OHD. Mean age at diagnosis was 2.9±2.7 (range: 0.03-6.3) years. Two different radiologists performed scrotal ultrasonography. Chronological age, bone age, and anthropometric measurements were evaluated. Serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) and androstenedione levels were also evaluated in all patients during the follow-up period.Results: Scrotal ultrasonography revealed bilateral TART in two patients (14.3%) and testicular microlithiasis (TM) in four patients (28.6%). One patient had both TART and TM bilaterally. During the follow-up period, the mean serum adrenocorticotropic hormone, 17OHP and androstenedione levels in the total group of patients were 130.0±179.1 pg/mL (21.7-726.5), 5.8±3.3 ng/mL (0.8-11.4) and 4.3±4.1 (0.2-11.0) ng/mL, respectively.Conclusions: Microlithiasis or TART may be frequently encountered during the follow-up of patients with CAH. In order to prevent late complications including infertility, we suggest that ultrasonographic evaluations be performed yearly in all male CAH patients. Conflict of interest:None declared.
SummaryIn the present study effects of the polyamines; putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) have been studied on root tip mitosis of Allium cepa L. Root tips of A. cepa were treated with a series of polyamine (PA) concentrations, ranging from 0.01, 1 and 2 mM for 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. The roots were examined in permanent root tip squash preparations stained by the Feulgen technique. This research has confirmed that PAs have various effects on chromosomes. PA concentrations used, generally had a marked mitodepressive effect on mitotic index (MI) but at 6 h treatment of Spm, Spd and Put at all concentrations had increased MI. Polyamines affected the relative duration of each mitotic stage as compared to the control. They also increased frequency of abnormal mitosis.The types of abnormalities induced are: chromosome stickiness, c-metaphase, anaphase and telophase bridges, disturbed chromosomes of anaphase and telophase stages, lagging and forward chromosomes at anaphase and telophase. Binucleate cells and micronuclei formation at interphase cells were also observed.
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