Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS is a neurodegenerative disorder which is characterized by motor neuron (MN dysfunction, progressive paralysis, and death. Although several therapeutic approaches have been used for treatment of ALS, little success has been achieved. Natural vectors such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs can be a promising tool for overcoming therapeutic problems. MSCs have multipotential characteristics such as the ability to differentiate into variety of cell types, easy access, immunomodulation, tissue repair, exertion of trophic factors, exosome secretion and efficient homing. In this review, we will discuss the characteristics of MSCs and their possible therapeutic mechanisms in ALS patients.
Here, we investigated the effects of dual delivery of IGF-1R siRNA and doxorubicin by chitosan nanoparticles on viability of A549 lung cancer cells line by utilization of MTT and qRT-PCR. Furthermore apoptosis and migration of treated cells were assessed by Annexin-PI and wound healing assays, respectively. The chitosan nanoparticles had about 176 nm size with zeta potential and polydispersive index about 11 mV and 0.3, respectively. The IGF-1R siRNA had synergistic effect on DOX-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in tumour cells. In addition, siRNA/DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles could significantly decrease migration and expressions of mmp9, VEGF and STAT3 in A549 cells.
BackgroundBoth inflammation and oxidative stress may contribute to pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The C242T polymorphism (rs4673) in the CYBA gene, as the main components of NAD (P) H oxidase, causes inter‐individual variability in the enzyme activity. We aimed to investigate the association between this polymorphism with MetS and its components.MethodsTwo hundred nine patients with MetS and 232 controls were included in this study. MetS was defined based on NCEP ATP‐III A criteria with some modifications. The C242T polymorphism within CYBA gene was determined by using PCR‐based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) method.ResultsAfter applying a multiple logistic regression model with adjusting for potential confounders of MetS including, age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, used medications, and diabetes mellitus, C242T polymorphism was found to be associated with the presence of MetS in men but not in the total population or in women. T allele as compared to C allele was associated with decreased odds of MetS in men (adjusted OR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.24‐0.74; P = .003), but not in women (adjusted OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.07‐1.61; P = .890), or in the total population (adjusted OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.51‐1.02; P = .063).ConclusionThis study shows that T allele of C242T polymorphism in CYBA gene is protective against MetS in Iranian men but not in women. Further cohort studies with larger sample size in subgroups of men and women are required to confirm such association in other racial or ethnic group.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.