Bullying has been described as one of the most tractable risk factors for poor mental health and educational outcomes, yet there is a lack of evidence-based interventions for use in low and middle-income settings. We aimed to develop and assess the feasibility of an adolescent-led school intervention for reducing bullying among adolescents in Indonesian secondary schools. The intervention was developed in iterative stages: identifying promising interventions for the local context; formative participatory action research to contextualize proposed content and delivery; and finally two pilot studies to assess feasibility and acceptability in South Sulawesi and Central Java. The resulting intervention combines two key elements: 1) a student-driven design to influence students pro-social norms and behavior, and 2) a teacher-training component designed to enhance teacher’s knowledge and self-efficacy for using positive discipline practices. In the first pilot study, we collected data from 2,075 students in a waitlist-controlled trial in four schools in South Sulawesi. The pilot study demonstrated good feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. We found reductions in bullying victimization and perpetration when using the Forms of Bullying Scale. In the second pilot study, we conducted a randomised waitlist controlled trial in eight schools in Central Java, involving a total of 5,517 students. The feasibility and acceptability were good. The quantitative findings were more mixed, with bullying perpetration and victimization increasing in both control and intervention schools. We have designed an intervention that is acceptable to various stakeholders, feasible to deliver, is designed to be scalable, and has a clear theory of change in which targeting adolescent social norms drives behavioral change. We observed mixed findings across different sites, indicating that further adaptation to context may be needed. A full-randomized controlled trial is required to examine effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the program.
Abstract:The group guidance service model is one of the solutions done to increase the competence of counselor candidate, as the model will help students to know their self to be better. This service guidance is done by designing a program, implementing, evaluating, grasping the concept, and doing an assessment. The purpose of this study is to develop group guidance service model which can be accepted by the students to escalate the competence of counselor candidate. Another goal is to know the affectivity of the model in increasing the competence of counselor candidate. The type of this study is research and development by using development strategy model. The development cycles consist of product development, testing the product, revising, retesting, and re-revising until the product is considered proper to be used. Based on the study result, we can conclude that group guidance service model is acceptable, appropriate to be used, and useful to help in increasing the competence of counselor candidate. It is proven based on the sig value by comparing data of pre-test and post-test. The sig value (0.000) is lower than the standard (0.05). Therefore, there is significant influence between group guidance service model in increasing the competence of counselor candidate.
This study aims to examine the development of guidance and counseling videos to reduce the cyberbullying behavior among vocational students in Makassar. Research and Development (R&D) approach was employed in this study. The subjects of the research consisted of a number of expert validators, such as psychologists, counseling experts, as well as field practitioners, and the vocational students in Makassar of the 2018/2019 school year. The data collection was carried out using rating scale instrument and observation, while the data analysis was done using qualitative and quantitative approaches, as well as t-test. The results of the analysis show that (1) the need for the development of the guidance and counseling videos to reduce the cyberbullying behavior among vocational school students in Makassar is very high and (2) the development of guidance and counseling videos is valid and practical to be used as guidance material to reduce cyberbullying among vocational students.
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