Understanding the preferences of smallholder farmers for contracting can help in making contracts more sustainable. This paper presents the results of a choice experiment (CE) among smallholder farmers in Indonesia to assess their preferences for accepting contracts with modern retail. The CE was based on attributes of actual sales transactions in modern retail and traditional retail channels. A total of 301 vegetable smallholder farmers participated, consisting of 173 farmers participating in traditional markets and 128 in modern retail markets. A random parameter logit model estimates that, in general, smallholders do not prefer contracting with modern retail over spot market selling in traditional retail channels. Most contract attributes are perceived as negative by smallholders. A willingness‐to‐accept analysis shows that farmers are critical of most contract attributes, particularly those related to quality requirements. Producer organizations (POs) reduce transaction costs and increase smallholders' preference toward contracts. Contract designs that reduce transaction cost, mitigate risks for farmers, provide fair prices, and involve POs are more likely to attract smallholders to modern retail channels. [EconLit Citations: D23, O13, Q13].
This study explores the alignment between vertical coordination (VC) and horizontal coordination (HC) in Indonesian vegetable value chains. This alignment helps buyers to design efficient coordination mechanisms with regard to the production of safe and high-quality vegetables. We use a qualitative approach and describe five vegetable value chains featuring VC and HC. Within-case and cross-case analyses have been performed to develop propositions. The empirical study finds that there is a diverse combination of VC and HC mechanisms in Indonesian vegetable value chains. Strong VC correlates with high food quality and safety standards that farmers have to meet. The presence of HC through a producer organisation (PO) reduces the need for strict VC mechanisms. When VC is combined with HC through a PO, efficiency of quality and safety control increases and coordination costs decrease, ensuring better compliance with food quality and safety requirements.
<span class="fontstyle0">Briket arang tempurung kelapa merupakan salah satu sumber energi alternatif yang diminati oleh pasar<br />ekspor. Sebagai komoditas ekspor, mutu briket arang harus stabil dan dapat memenuhi persyaratan mutu pasar<br />yang dituju. Implementasi alat pengering tipe rak berbahan bakar biomassa diperlukan untuk menghasilkan<br />briket arang dengan kadar air yang konstan dan memenuhi persyaratan mutu pasar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini<br />adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan alat pengering tipe rak berbahan biomassa terhadap briket arang<br />dibandingkan dengan pengeringan matahari. Analisa yang dilakukan meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, dan kadar<br />karbon terikat. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi alat pengering dapat meningkatkan mutu briket arang<br />apabila dibandingkan dengan pengeringan matahari.</span>
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