Recently, fiber has been incorporated into concrete mixtures, where its distribution in the concrete matrix helps to improve and enhance the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC). The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of steel and synthetic fiber parameters, along with different coarse aggregate maximum sizes (CAMZs) on FRC performance. Additionally, in past research, the empirical relationships among the compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths of plain concrete and FRC were assessed, and correlations between these mechanical properties of FRC were examined. For each CAMZ, four fiber dosages for each fiber type were considered. The results demonstrate the mechanical properties of FRC enhanced as the fiber length increased from 13 mm to 60 mm, the CAMZ increased from 9.5 mm to 37.5 mm, and the ratio of the fiber length to the CAMZ was in the range of 0.35–5.68. All mixtures have been intended to exhibit similar compressive strengths; however, the synthetic/steel fiber advanced the brittleness ratio of specimens with G10, G19, and G38 to approximately 36.8%, 40.7%, and 47.4% greater than the contral specimens, respectively. In addition, from the regression analysis investigation, there are strong correlations from the regression analysis of the mechanical property results of FRC.
The present study investigates the effect of using stepped gabion weir in a laboratory channel on the distance of the hydraulic jump. A set of 25 laboratory experiments and 175 operation tests were conducted using a laboratory flume with dimensions 10 m long by 0.3 m wide, and 0.5 m high. The tested gabion weir had different five possible lengths 0.88 m, 0.96 m, 1.04m, 1.12 m, and 1.20 m, and the filling material used was natural quarry mono graded gravel in five different sample sizes of average equivalent diameter 11.75 mm, 16.50 mm, 22.00 mm, 31.25 mm, and 43.75 mm. Operation discharge values ranged between 0.7 to 15.0 l/s. The data set was subject to dimensional analysis to generate dimensionless groups, and correlated using the Buckingham Pi-Theorem. The results of this study showed that in case of direct representation between the parameters, the distance of hydraulic jump has a direct relationship with discharge but both the gravel sample used and the overall length of the weir give an undular behaviour with its increment. While using of dimensional representation shows that both the gravel sample and weir length have an inverse relationship with the distance of the hydraulic jump. Many trials have been made to formulate the best equation which combine the studied parameters with good agreement.
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