The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201800650. ChemistryBefore moving to the recent advances within the last 5 years in the diverse applications of sulfur chemistry in polymer and Sulfur-Containing PolymersSulfur and its functional groups are major players in an area of exciting research taking place in modern polymer and materials science, both in academia and industry. In fact, manifold sulfur-based reactions that are both exceptionally versatile as well as tremendously useful have been implemented, and further utilized for the design and preparation of polymeric materials that lead to a plethora of applications ranging from medicine to optics and nanotechnology to separation science. Hence, within this review, an overview of strategies and developments used over the last 5 years to reinforce the importance of the sulfur functional group in modern polymer and materials science is presented. In particular, many important references in the primary literature of sulfur chemistry are referred to, including thiol-ene, thiol-yne, thiol-Michael addition, disulfide cross-linking, and thiol-disulfide exchange, among others, by explaining and illustrating the important principles. Last but not least, the grand aim to underpin the importance of sulfur in modern polymer and materials science is achieved by presenting selected examples in diverse fields and postulating the respective potential for real-world applications. he is now a full professor at KIT.sulfur atoms, and tetraphenylethene-bearing di(alkyl bromide) (Scheme 3). The yield of the polymerization was dependent on the di(alkyl bromide) monomer; the longer spacer between the aromatic moiety and the reactive bromide end groups Scheme 1. The discussion henceforth focuses on the synthesis of polymers possessing the depicted sulfur functional groups. Scheme 2.Representative examples of polythioethers prepared via A) the nucleophilic substitution reaction between an electrophilic dihalide with nucleophilic derivatives of dithiols under alkaline conditions; B) the thiol-ene/yne addition reaction between AA and BB type monomers (i.e., dithiols and dienes/diynes); and C) radical or ionic ring-opening of sulfurcontaining strained rings.Scheme 3. The thiol-bromo polymerization of conformationally fixed monomers to provide multifunctional polymers. [19] Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2019, 40, 1800650 Scheme 4. The regioselective selective nucleophilic aromatic substitution between thiol and fluorinated aromatic compounds, the para-fluorothiol reaction (PFTR).Scheme 5. Synthesis of a linear polymer via PFTR-reaction. [21]

In this work, graphene oxide (GO) and vinyl modified GO (V‐GO)‐based nanocomposite hydrogels with improved mechanical property and self‐healing ability have been synthesized and characterized. GO first was synthesized by modified Hummer's method using graphite powder and then functionalized with vinyl groups by using (3‐mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane (MPTS) via silanization method. The GO and V‐GO nanoparticles were characterized by FT‐IR, UV–vis spectroscopy, SEM, and dynamic light scattering technique (DLS). Hydrogels were obtained by in‐situ free‐radical polymerizations of acrylamide (AAm) and [3‐(methacryloylamino)propyl] trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC) monomers in the presence of GO and V‐GO nanoparticles. The effects of the amount of GO and V‐GO on the gelation profile and viscoelastic characteristics of the hydrogels were studied. The pH‐responsive action, swelling behavior, and swelling kinetics of the hydrogels with various GO and V‐GO contents were also evaluated. The mechanical performance of nanocomposite cationic hydrogels prepared with GO and V‐GO nanosheets was compared to the neat AAm‐MAPTAC hydrogels. The self‐healing ability of the hydrogels were elucidated as a function of the amount of GO and V‐GO nanosheets bound to the polymer network by physical interactions and chemical cross‐links, respectively.