Background: Maintaining physical performance during Ramadan Diurnal Fasting (RDF) is a challenge for professional athletes. The literature shows that sleep disturbances experienced by athletes during RDF are associated with reduced physical performance. The effect of sleep quality on physical performance, and the effect of work status on physical performance during RDF among athletes, besides engaging in trainings, have been little investigated. This study aims to evaluate the effect of RDF on the physical performance of professional athletes taking into consideration their sleep quality and work status. Methods: Professional medium-distance male runners (n = 32) participated in our study in the summer of 2019. Data about socio-demographics, training characteristics, sleep quality (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index: PSQI), physical performance (Cooper Test; Harvard step test) were collected before and during Ramadan. Student’s-test and Welch and Wilcoxon tests were used for data analysis. Results: Both quality of sleep and physical performance of athletes deteriorated during Ramadan. People with better quality of sleep had better physical fitness/performance both before and during RDF. Athletes who worked beside trainings achieved worse physical fitness test results and had worse quality of sleep. Conclusions: Policies aimed to improve physical performance in RDF should consider the quality of sleep and the work status of athletes.
Introduction: The State Emergency Medical System (PRM) exists to provide assistance to every person in state of sudden threat to their health or life, operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, all year round. The units of the system are hospital emergency departments (SOR) and emergency medical teams, including aviation emergency medical teams. The obvious purpose of the PRM System, which is to save life of human, as any complex activity, is sometimes put to the proof. Appearing and publicised by media cases of late medical attention, calls ignored by a dispatcher or sending emergency medical teams from hospital to hospital seriously undermine the reputation of healthcare service in Poland. The aim: Evaluation of organization of the PRM System in Poland by practitioners – medical staff of Hospital Emergency Departments, ambulance personnel and medical students. Material and methods: The material included a group of 138 interviewees from 768 participants of the 11th Emergency Medicine Conference Kopernik 2018. The research tool was the author’s survey consisting of 12 thematic questions, including one open question, and the part collecting sociodemographic data. The collected empirical material was given descriptive and statistical analysis using Microsoft Excel. The results were presented by calculating the arithmetic mean, median, dominant, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and% of responses respectively. Results: In the majority of respondents’ opinion the organization of the PRM system in Poland is average. The vast majority of respondents (64%) consider the two-people “P” teams to be insufficient. Problems the most often reported by the respondents were lack/or insufficient number of trainings, underfunding of the system, large salaries disparities, shortages of staff, hampered cooperation with other services. Conclusions: The analysis of selected items of the organization of the State Emergency Medical Service in Poland in opinion of practitioners points out the need to implement organizational changes which could improve the system.
Aim: To find out opinion of hospital management staff on impact of accreditation standards on management of medical entity. Material and methods: The study was conducted from March to April 2021 in one of hospital in Lodz. A total of 22 people (management, heads of hospital wards, heads of departments and ward nurses) were invited in the study, 16 people competed the questionnaire and submitted it for analysis. The study was conducted using the questionnaire, which was built of 19 quantitative and qualitative questions. Results: In opinion of the respondents, the most often used accreditation areas in management process are standards in area of Care Continuity, second in area of Patient Rights, and third in area of Patient Care. The majority of the respondents rated highly and very highly impact of the used standards on their management activities. Active participation of the process of continuous improvement of accreditation standards was confirmed by 12 respondents. In opinion of 11 respondents, the implementation and maintenance of accreditation standards affects the effectiveness of management tasks, while 5 people don’t agree with this influence. In the same way the respondents assessed impact of the implementation of accreditation on the quality and safety of provided health services (11 people indicate correlation; 5 people have a different opinion). Twelve out of sixteen respondents confirmed and justified that accreditation is needed in hospital. Conclusion: In opinion of the respondents performing managerial functions, the process of maintaining and continuous improvement of individual accreditation standards is understood and desirable among the management staff of the hospital.
Background: There is a potential relationship between the self-confidence and the willingness of bystanders to undertake resuscitation (CPR) and its training. The current guidelines increasingly focus on both the importance of the human factor and the fact that training programs should increase the willingness of bystanders to undertake resuscitation, which may have a direct impact on improving survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Aim: The objective of the study was to analyze factors influencing the assessment of own skills crucial in basic life support (BLS) and the willingness to provide CPR to individual victims. Methods: A pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental design was used in this study. The data was collected from 4 December 2019 to 3 October 2020 in workplaces, during instructor-led BLS courses. Each intervention (training) consisted of a theoretical and a practical part. The program was focused both on the skills and the human factor. Results: Comparison of pre-test and post-test data concerning self-confidence scores of the ability to recognize OHCA among 967 participants demonstrated a significant difference (respectively, Me = 2.2, IQR [2–3] vs. Me = 3.4, IQR [3–4]; p = 0.000). Additionally, self-assessment scores for the ability to perform proper chest compressions between pre-test and post-test also differed significantly (respectively Me = 2.3, IQR [2–3] vs. Me = 3.3, IQR [3–4]; p = 0.000). A highly significant difference was found in the likelihood of changing the decision in favor of the willingness to undertake CPR for all types of victims, with the greatest difference found in relation to the willingness to conduct resuscitation on strangers (OR = 7.67, 95% CI 5.01–11.73; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Completing hands-on training has a highly significant, beneficial effect on the readiness to undertake resuscitation for all types of victims, strangers in particular. Training programs should place particular emphasis on developing readiness to undertake resuscitation for both those who have never been trained and those who had their last training more than one year ago.
Introduction. Smartphone has debuted in 1992. It combines functions of a regular phone with those of a portable computer. Nowadays it is spread worldwide and it is starting to serve as an educational tool more and more each day. Aim. Characteristics of smartphone usage as an educational and management tool amongst chosen group of students in Poland. Material and methods. 299 students of Medical University in Lodz (44.1% emergency medical services, 34.8% nursing and 21.1% public health). 71.9% (n = 215) respondents were females. An anonymous Google survey was used. Results. 51.5% (n = 154) students owe smartphones, 4% (n = 12) do not know which type of a telephone they possess. 68.6% (n = 205) have internet access in their phone. In the study group almost every third student used their phone to browse through educational materials of their University and every fifth used educational materials of different Universities. Conclusions. Universities should produce more educational and management tools for smartphones.
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