This study was carried out to determine the spat efficiency of the smooth scallop Flexopecten glaber (Linnaeus) in surface and bottom water at the Ozbek coast (Türkiye) of the Aegean Sea from September 2017 to August 2018. The environmental parameters (temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a, and total particulate matter) were also monitored at two depths. The average water temperature at the surface and bottom were 19.79 ± 5.62°C and 19.73 ± 5.24°C, respectively. The lowest chlorophyll-a values were recorded in February (1.12 g l-1) and June (1.23 µg l-1) at the surface and bottom, respectively. The highest chlorophyll-a value was recorded in August at both depths. Throughout the study, the number of F. glaber on the collectors was 270.33 ± 43.54 spat m-2 and 145.66 ± 18.03 spat m-2 were detected on the bottom collectors. A statistically significant difference was found between the growth of the spat attached to the surface and bottom collectors (p < 0.05).
This research was carried out in Karantina Island to find pearl oyster (Pinctada radiata Leach, 1814) spat collection efficiency of bag and shell collector types. Environmental limits such as temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a, and total particulate matter (TPM) were monitored during the study period. The abundance of P.radiata spat were found on the bag collector as 11.66±2.08 ind./0.91m 2 at the first time in August. At the same month the highest temperature and salinity were recorded as 27 ºC and 36.5‰, respectively. G2 (group 2/deployed on June 25) performed the highest spat collection for the bag collectors while G4 (deployed on August 29) for the shell collector was more successful during the research. A total of 172±34.39 P. radiata spat were collected during the study. 119±22.60 (69.18%) individuals (ind) were harvested from bag collector and 53±11.78 (30.82%) from shell collector. While the avarege abundance of P. radiata spat were 7.26 ind./m 2 on bag collectors, it was 3.23 ind./m 2 on the shell collectors. A significant difference was determined in the total abundance of P. radiata between the collector groups (p<0.05). The length range of Pinctada spat on the bag collectors was between 4.47-33.9 mm while it was 4.66-18 mm on the shell collectors. Fouling organisms (barnacles, polychaete, bryozoa) and predators (crabs, gastropods) of pearl oyster were also found on the collector groups. Results of the study established that bag collectors were more effective to collect the pearl oyster spat than the shell collectors.
Öz: Bu çalışmada, Ege Denizi'nde gözlemlenen ve istilacı tür olduğu düşünülen bazı istiridye örnekleriyle, yerli istiridye türü olan Ostrea edulis (Linnaeus 1758) örnekleri arasındaki genetik farklılıkların tespitinin, RAPD (Rastgele Çoğaltılmış Polimorfik DNA)-PCR (Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu) yardımıyla hızlı bir şekilde belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, denizlerimizin yaygın türü olan Ostrea genusundan morfolojik olarak farklı olduğu gözlenen ve Crassostrea genusuna ait özellikler gösteren istiridye bireyleriyle, yerli tür 8 adet RAPD profili kullanılarak genetik olarak ayırt edilmiştir. Çalışmada toplam 343 bant elde edilmiştir. Polimorfizm oranı Crassostrea sp.'ye ait örneklerde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ele alınan lokuslardan 6 tanesinin ayrım gücü yüksek çıkmıştır. İstilacı türe ait 11, yerli türe ait 5 adet toplamda 16 adet türe-özgü diagnostik bant belirlenmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Genetik analiz, RAPD, belirteç, istiridye, istilacı türAbstract: Rapid determination of the genetic differences between some oyster samples observed in the Aegean Sea that were assumed as an invasive species and domestic oyster (Ostrea edulis, Linnaeus 1758) using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)-PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) markers was aimed in this study. In this regard, domestic species samples and the other samples collected from Altınoluk coasts which were morphologically different than Ostrea species and were showing similarities to Crassostrea genus were genetically indetified by using 8 RAPD profiles. Total 343 bands were observed in the study. Polymorphism rate was found higher in the samples that might belong to Crassostrea genus. 6 of all loci considered in this study were found highly identical for these species. Total of 16 species-spesific diagnostic bands: 11 bands for the invasive species and 5 bands for the domestic species, were determined.
Bu çalışmada Özbek-Urla (İzmir)'de dağılım gösteren Avrupa istiridyesinin (Ostrea edulis L. 1758) büyüme ve yaşama oranlarını belirlemek amacıyla büyütme sistemlerine yerleştirilmiş spatlar incelenmiştir. Yıl boyunca su parametrelerinden sıcaklık, tuzluluk, toplam partikül madde (TPM) (partikül organik-POM ve partikül inorganik-PIM) ve klorofil-a değerleri kaydedilmiştir. Toplam partikül madde en yüksek haziran ayında 34,62 mg/l bulunmuştur. Haziran ayında partikül madde içerisindeki inorganik madde oranı %77,61, organik madde oranı ise %22,39 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Büyütme sistemlerine alınan istiridye yavruları boy ortalamaları çalışmanın başlangıcında 26,39±4,00 mm'den çalışmanın sonunda 60,84 ±10,71 mm'ye ulaşmıştır. İstiridyelerin yaşama oranı % 61,9 olarak bulunmuştur. Yaşama oranı ile Sıcaklık ve PİM arasında anlamlı negatif korelasyon (sırasıyla r 2 =-0,654, r 2 =-0,644) bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Elde edilen yaşama ve büyüme oranı sonuçları, bu bölgenin Ostrea edulis yetiştiriciliği için uygun olabileceğini göstermektedir.
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