Although in recent years there have been efforts to include diversity in the psychology curriculum, taking into account factors such as gender, race, sexual identity, socioeconomic status, age, and physical (dis)ability, Jewish identity as a marker of difference has continued to be ignored or made invisible altogether-a fact that is particularly striking given the large number of Jews working in the field (Beck, 1991a; Siege1 & Cole, 1991). This omission is a reflection of a pervasive attitude within the larger society, that Jewish identity and anti-Jewish oppression are nonissues in the world today.Jews represent only one third of 1% of the world's population and less than 3% within the United States (American Jewish Committee, 2000).Ashkenazi Jews (Jews of European descent), who comprise the great majority within the United States, have been so identified with the White Christian majority that U.S. society as a whole has tended to trivialize and dismiss as insignificant the effects of centuries of historical and current anti-Semitism on Jews today and to ignore the importance of Jewish identity as a foundation for Jews' psychological well-being. Such issues are even more pronounced for Sephardic Jews, whose ancestors lived in Spain or Portugal 237
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.