Aim and Scope: The growth, water exchange parameters, and malondialdehyde content in the leaves of 15 day's plants of spring wheat, under the conditions of soil drought and pretreatment with diterpene glycoside stevioside (10-8 M), were studied in this paper. The cultivar of spring soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Omskaya 33, included in the State Register of the Western Siberian and the Middle Volga regions, recommended for cultivation in the Omsk region and in the Republic of Tatarstan of the Russian Federation, as well as the cultivar of spring soft wheat (T. aestivum L.) Tamoz 2, bred, certified, and widely used in Iraq, was selected as the objects of the research. Materials and Methods: Experimental design included four options: Control, drought, presowing seed treatment with stevioside (10-8 M), and under the conditions of drought and sufficiency of water supply for plants. The moisture content of the soil was 70% in case of normal water supply, and 30% in case of drought. The determination of length of wheat seedlings showed that leaves of the cultivar Tamoz 2 had a lower height, than the cultivar Omskaya 33. Result and Discussion: The drought inhibited the growth of plants of two varieties. Pretreatment with stevioside reduced the effect of drought on the growth of wheat plants of two studied cultivars of spring wheat. Stevioside increased the water content in conditions of drought only in Omskaya 33, which was more sensitive to water deficiency. The variety Tamoz 2, in conditions of water deficiency, had less oxidation of lipids of the plasma membrane, compared to variety Omskaya 33. At the same time, stevioside to a greater extent reduced the lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the cultivar Omskaya 33, where the processes of LPO under the influence of a drought were more active. Conclusion: The obtained data may be determined by the antioxidant effect of stevioside on plants, the mechanism of which has not been identified to date.
Purpose of work - Comparative analysis the content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamin C, protein and sugars in different varieties of cabbage kale (B. oleracea L. convar. Acephala). As an object of study, we used 2 varieties of cabbage kale - Premier cabbage, Dwarf Blue Curled with green leaves, Redbor with red leaves and Scarlet with purple. It was shown that the content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids was significantly higher in red varieties, compared with green. The content of carotenoids was higher in green varieties. The highest content of flavonoid was found in the variety «Scarlet» and vitamin C in the variety «Redbor». However, the amount of proteins and sugars, there were no significant differences between the varieties.
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the specific effects of natural growth hormones (gibberellic acid, 10-6М and brassinolide, 10-6М) and commercial growth bio-stimulator (Novosil, 5 g/ha) on the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants activities of cabbage kale plants, under different growing conditions. The treatment of growth regulators was imposed by soaking cabbage kale plant seed in various growth regulators for 24 hours. The results were recorded at 85, 115 and 145 days after planting, at +80С, 00С and -60С temperature, respectively. Among the studied growth regulators, terpenoidal compounds of Novosil and gibberellic acid improved the antioxidant activity, activating enzymatic antioxidant systems and increasing the content of carotenoids and proline in leaves of cabbage kale. The steroidal compound of brassinolide raises the content of phenolic and flavonoids compounds which increased antioxidant activities. The results obtained from the study indicated that the use of growth regulars increases the synthesis of protective compounds, which developed resistance of cabbage kale plants against adverse environmental factors and improve the biomedical properties of cabbage kale. Further, the results of the study also suggested that freezing temperatures (-60С) enhanced the protective effect of growth regulators against lipid peroxidation and their antioxidant activity.
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