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The study aimed to determine the effect of different irrigation activation systems on the amount of apical debris extrusion in mandibular molar teeth with curved root canals. Sixty extracted mandibular molar teeth were instrumented with HyFlex EDM system and divided into four groups according to irrigation techniques: passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), EDDY, photon‐initiated photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) and manual irrigation (MI). After the final irrigation, the extruded irrigants were collected into Eppendorf tubes of known weights. The amount of extruded debris was obtained by subtracting the weight from the initial weight of the tube. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. EDDY caused significantly more debris extrusion than the other irrigation activation systems (P < 0.001). PUI caused less apical debris extrusion but there was no statistical difference between PUI, PIPS and MI (P > 0.05). The EDDY activation system was associated with the highest amount of debris extrusion in curved root canals.

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This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), Irritrol, and QMix solutions used with manual irrigation and diode and erbium, chromium-doped yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser activation on the bonding ability of sealer to the intraradicular dentin. The root canals of 90 mandibular incisors were instrumented, and the teeth were allocated randomly to nine groups (n = 10/group) receiving final irrigation with different irrigation solutions (EDTA, Irritrol, and QMix) and irrigant activation techniques (manual, diode laser, and Er,Cr:YSGG laser). Following endodontic filling, three sections of 1-mm thickness were obtained from the middle third of each root. The root filling was subjected to a push-out test to examine the bond strength of the sealer to dentin. The test data were examined using analysis of variance with a significance level of ɑ < .05. Failure modes were determined by stereomicroscopy, and the surface characteristics of dentin were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Irritrol showed less push-out bond strength than did the other solutions in the Er,Cr:YSGG laser groups (p < .05). In the diode laser groups, QMix provided greater adhesion than did Irritrol (p < .05). The activation of QMix with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser increased the bond strength more than did manual irrigation (p < .05). No other significant difference was observed between other comparison pairs (p > .05). QMix provided adhesion superior to that of Irritrol when activated with diode and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers. Er,Cr: YSGG laser activation increased the adhesion of filling material with QMix irrigation.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors of oral hygiene habits, tooth brushing motivation and toothpaste preference factors.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study based on the hospital was carried out by surveying 759 university students over 18 years of age. The demographics, duration and frequency of self-reported questionnaire oral hygiene habits, motivation source in tooth brushing and effective factors in the selection of toothpaste were investigated.The level of statistical significance was accepted as p &lt;0.05.Results: As a source of motivation when brushing among university students, tooth loss was the most common. It was found that those who brushed the teeth at least twice a day brushed their teeth significantly longer time than those who brushed the teeth less than twice a day(p&lt;0.05). The use of the interdental brush was found to be 24% in addition to tooth brushing. From all the factors affecting the motivation to brush teeth, the most important factor for the survey practitioners is the fear of losing teeth. The most important factor for tooth-paste selection is its whitening feature for the majority of all. Conclusion: The development of oral hygiene habits should be ensured considering Motivation in tooth brushing and effective factors in toothpaste selection. Keywords: Brushing, Interdental brush, Motivation source, Toothpaste selection.