The present study was conducted at milk pocket areas Sahjadpur Upazila under Sirajgonj district and Shathia and Bera Upazila under the Pabna district, respectively. A total number of one hundred ninety (190) dairy farmers were surveyed randomly selecting twenty farmers from each village. All data collected were statistically analyzed using Univariate General Linear Model (GLM) procedure of SPSS computer program. Lack of balanced feed was the highest cause of repeat breeding claimed by about sixty (60%) percent farmers in this study. The highest incidence of RB was obtained in LocalHolstein Friesian crosses (69%) and lowest in LocalSahiwal crosses (8%). From the study of present findings; it can be concluded that genotype, nutrient of feed, quality of semen, frequency of insemination and reproductive problems are the main possible causes for RB in the studied areas.
Contagious ecthyma (CE) is one of the most widespread viral diseases; primarily affect goat and sheep but also reported from human, reindeer, musk ox, dog, cat, red squirrel etc. The disease is caused by contagious ecthyma virus (CEV) and he virus is circulating in Bangladesh. Present study was aimed at isolation, identification and molecular characterization of the CEV circulating in Bangladesh. A total of 13 samples (scab materials; 11 from goat and 2 from sheep) were collected from three different farms of Sylhet and Dhaka divisions followed by processing for virus detection by PCR and isolation in Vero cell. Four different sets of primers were used targeting four different genes of CEV. Of these samples, 10 (8 from goat and 2 from sheep) were found positive by PCR. From these positive samples three viruses were isolated. Sequencing of different genes of several CEV isolates has been done directly from PCR product using automated DNA sequencer 3010 Genetic Analyzer available at the National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza (NRL-AI), Bangladesh. Bangladeshi isolates were found to have 95-99% identity to each other. When compared to viruses from other countries, high homology (92-96%) was observed to viruses from New Zealand and India, and phylogenetically clustered with them. This is the first report of molecular characterization, though partial, of CEV in Bangladesh.
A research work was undertaken to evaluate the feeding effect of tree forages on performance of growing sheep. Twenty growing sheep (in 4 groups) were fed three different tree forage diets. Tree forages Melia azardirachta, Leucaena leucocephala and Artocarpus heterophyllus were supplied in three treatments except one consisted no tree forages which was considered as control. There were significant (p<0.05) differences among the animal groups in terms of total DM and ME intake, although there were no significant differences in the digestibility of DM, OM, CP and ADF. Feeding of tree forages had significant (p<0.05) effect on live weight gain of sheep. Animals fed with tree forage based diets significantly increased weight gain (60.70 and 50.70 g/d for L. leucocephala and A. heterophyllus, respectively) compared to that (45.66 g/d) of control group fed with silage. Feed conversion efficiency (kg feed/kg gain) also showed that animals fed with tree forage of L. leucocephala and M. azardirachta based diets were having significantly (p<0.05) higher efficiency (11.33 and 11.47, respectively) compared to those of A. heterophyllus and control diet (13.77 and 13.33, respectively). The results of nitrogen balance of M. azardirachta and L. leucocephala tree forage had significantly (p<0.05) positive effect on the nitrogen retention in the body of the animals. Intake of all the tree forages was not similar which indicated that all of them were not accepted to the lamb in same level. So, diets with tree forages of L. leucocephala resulted better in terms of weight gain, digestibility and nitrogen balance compared to A. heterophyllu, M. azardirachta and silage (control).Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2015, 1(3): 648-653
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a devastating and killer disease of domesticated small ruminants particularly goats. The present study was conducted on the serosurveillance of PPR in goats in different areas of Bangladesh. Blood samples were collected apparently from different years of age of goats in different areas of Bangladesh. All sera were subjected to serological test by competitive ELISA. For sero-surveillance of PPR virus total 200 serum samples were collected at different areas of Bangladesh such as Bogra18/60 (30%), Sirajganj 26/30 (86.67%), Mymensingh 5/50 (10%) and Rangpur 7/60 (11.67%). Among those 56 were seropositive and 144 were seronegative. The mean positive antibody titer ±SD of goat serum samples was 26.03 and the mean negative antibody titer was 77.76The highest antibodies was detected in Sirajganj that was vaccinated flock whereas the lowest antibodies was found Mymensingh that was non vaccinated goat. It may be concluded that, in absence of vaccination, the presence of PPRV antibodies indicated that PPR viruses were circulating among the goats population but the vaccinated goat's have protective level of antibodies against PPRV. So that preventive measures should be taken in goats against PPR virus by vaccination with proper maintain of cool chain.
The current study was carried out to identify the bacterial species in the faecal samples of 20 diarrhoeic sheep and to observe their sensitivity to different antibiotics. This investigation was performed by collecting diarrhoeal samples from the sheep (n=20) under goat and sheep research farm of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The average age and body weight of the animals were 25 days and 2.5 kg respectively. Of the bacteria responsible for diarrhoea in case of sheep, Escherichia coli alone was found in 6 samples (30%), Escherichia coli combined with Proteus mirabilis was found in 12 samples (60%), and no bacteria could be detected in 2 of the 20 samples tested. Both the bacteria were highly sensitive to ceftriaxone, and moderately sensitive to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. It could be stated that ceftriaxone is the antibiotic of first choice for the treatment of diarrhoea in sheep, where Escherichia coli is suspected to be the principal causal agent of diarrhoea.
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