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The properties of titanium dioxide (TiO 2)/graphene/graphene oxides (GO) are examined in this study. These views summarize the recent theoretical and experimental novel approaches in the catalytic activity of TiO 2 /graphene interface. Imperative results at a level of detail, suitable for upcoming experimental and theoretical researchers involved an overview of the enthralling characteristics of TiO 2 and graphene composites were presented. Aspects like crystal lattice, electronic band structure and phonon dispersion, among others that were used to describe the properties of a TiO 2 interface with pristine graphene and graphene dioxide among other composites are discussed. In particular, this review covers reactivity, binding energies, geometric structures as well as the photocatalytic activity of anatase TiO 2 surfaces with graphene and graphene oxide with hybrid nanocomposites. These views also explore the understanding of the TiO 2 interactions with graphene and possible applications. Finally, highlights on the challenges and proposed strategies in developing advanced photocatalytic semiconductor-based composites for water-splitting applications are provided.

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Recently, several pollutants such as dyes, pharmaceuticals and phenolic compounds, which can cause toxic effects to human health, have identified in water resources. Water pollution has extensively studied and several conventional techniques, such as chemical treatment, adsorption, biological treatment, and membrane-based separation, have adopted for pollutants removal from wastewater/ water resources. However, these techniques had led to the production of soluble refractory organic compounds and healththreatening bacteria that are hard to be removed. Recently, photocatalysis has considered as one of the most viable technology for water treatment using sunlight to eliminate harmful bacteria and pollutants owing to its cost-effectiveness and high efficiency. Metal oxide and polymers have become promising materials for water treatment owing to their properties, such as surface mobility, large surface area and superb magnetic and optical properties. This book chapter discusses recent design and synthesis of visible light response polymer/metal oxide nanocomposite through several synthetic strategies for water treatment. The results show that the polymer-metal oxide nanocomposite possesses a superior photodegradation activity toward pollutants under simulated visible light. Major challenges in polymer-metal oxide nanocomposite synthesis and future research perspectives for developing alternate synthesis methodologies are also discussed.