No abstract

A paracoccidioidomicose (PCM), infecção sistêmica causada pelo fungo Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, é considerada a mais importante micose profunda da América Latina 48 . Pode ser considerada, ainda, um problema de saúde pública em função de seus elevados custos sociais e econômicos decorrentes não apenas Paracoccidioidomicose com comprometimento do sistema nervoso central: revisão sistemática da literatura ABSTRAcTThis study is the first systematic review of cases of neuroparacoccidioidomycosis available in the literature. Through searches in the MEDLINE and LILACS databases, 257 cases were found in 81 published studies, mainly after the 1970s-1980s. Approximately 93% of the patients were men, especially farm laborers, with a mean age of 43 years. The characteristic symptoms were motor deficits or intracranial hypertension. The chronic pseudotumoral form predominated. The mean period of evolution was 4.9 months. The lesions were mainly supratentorial (66.8%), located in the frontal and parietal lobes. The diagnosis was determined by biopsy in 57.2% of the cases and neuroimaging methods were used in 64.6% of them. A large proportion of the cases were associated with the pulmonary form of the disease (59.1%). The mortality rate was 44.1%, and 50.1% of the survivors developed sequelae, especially motor impairment. Thus, neuroparacoccidioidomycosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis for expansive and meningoencephalitic processes in the central nervous system, in order to establish early treatment and to avoid disabling sequelae. Key-words:Paracoccidioidomycosis. Fungal infection. Neuroparacoccidioidomycosis. Central nervous system. Systematic review.da doença em atividade, mas também das freqüentes seqüelas, motivo comum de incapacitação para o trabalho 15 49 . Afeta indivíduos em todas as faixas etárias a partir dos dois anos de idade, mas há marcante predomínio entre os 30 e os 50 anos de vida, período que compreende o auge da capacidade produtiva dos pacientes. A incidência é a mesma para ambos os sexos até a puberdade, entretanto, na vida adulta, torna-se mais freqüente entre os indivíduos do sexo masculino, em proporção de 11:1 22 .A doença pode manifestar-se de inúmeras maneiras e o fungo pode causar lesões em virtualmente qualquer órgão. De modo geral, os pulmões são os órgãos mais frequentemente acometidos, mas lesões cutâneas, de mucosas, linfonodais e adrenais também são comuns. Nas últimas décadas, com o surgimento de novos métodos diagnósticos, especialmente os de imagem, constatou-se que o envolvimento do sistema nervoso central (SNC) é bem mais frequente do que se admitia, ocorrendo em torno de 12,5% dos casos de PCM e chegando, em alguns estudos, até 36% dos casos 62 .

Results show a higher prevalence of overweight and eutrophy and a lower prevalence of obesity and underweight. Characteristics associated with nutritional status other than eutrophy are: gender, schooling, income, chronic health problem and age.

Invasive device use and duration of use continue to greatly influence the development of nosocomial infection in NICUs. In our cohort, birth weight showed no influence on the development of nosocomial infection. Low maximum Fio(2) influenced the occurrence of overall nosocomial infection.

We retrospectively studied the outcomes of adults with de novo acute myeloid leukemia treated in a reference center in Brazil and analyzed the association with the human development index (HDI) of the United Nations used as a socioeconomic factor. Among 123 patients, 46 (37%) died during induction, 65 (53%) reached complete remission and 45 (37%) received high-dose cytarabine (Hidac) consolidation. The 5-year overall survival and leukemia-free survival (LFS) were 17 and 26%, respectively, for all patients and 36 and 30%, respectively, for those receiving Hidac. In multivariate analysis, an HDI <0.660 was associated with a lower probability to receive Hidac (P = 0.001), a trend for higher mortality in remission induction (P = 0.062) and a decreased LFS (P < 0.0001). However, it was not associated with outcomes for patients receiving Hidac. In conclusion, survival for patients who received Hidac consolidation is satisfactory; however, socioeconomic factors may have selected patients to receive intensive Hidac consolidation.