Health literacy, a more complex concept than knowledge, is a required capacity to obtain, understand, integrate and act on health information [1], in order to enhance individual and community health, which is defined by different levels, according to the autonomy and personal capacitation in decision making [2]. Medium levels of Health literacy in an adolescent population were found in a study conducted in 2013/2014, being higher in sexual and reproductive health and lower in substance use. It was also noticed that the higher levels of health literacy were in the area adolescents refer to have receipt more health information. The health literacy competence with higher scores was communication skills, and the lower scores were in the capacity to analyze factors that influence health. Higher levels were also found in younger teenagers, but in a higher school level, confirming the importance of health education in these age and development stage. Adolescents seek more information in health professionals and parents, being friends more valued as a source information in older adolescents, which enhance the importance of peer education mainly in older adolescents [3]. As a set of competences based on knowledge, health literacy should be developed through education interventions, encompassing the cultural and social context of individuals, since the society, culture and education system where the individual is inserted can define the way the development and enforcement of the health literacy competences [4]. The valued sources of information should be taken into account, as well as needs of information in some topics referred by adolescents in an efficient health education. Schizophrenia is a serious and chronic mental illness which has a profound effect on the health and well-being related with the well-known nature of psychotic symptoms. The exercise has the potential to improve the life of people with schizophrenia improving physical health and alleviating psychiatric symptoms. However, most people with schizophrenia remains sedentary and lack of access to exercise programs are barriers to achieve health benefits. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise on I) the type of intervention in mental health, II) in salivary levels of alpha-amylase and cortisol and serum levels of S100B and BDNF, and on III) the quality of life and selfperception of the physical domain of people with schizophrenia. The sample consisted of 31 females in long-term institutions in the Casa de Saúde Rainha Santa Isabel, with age between 25 and 63, and with diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). Physical fitness was assessed by the six-minute walk distance test (6MWD). Biological variables were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Psychological variables were assessed using SF-36, PSPP-SCV, RSES and SWLS tests. Walking exercise has a positive impact on physical fitness (6MWD -p = 0.001) and physical components of the psychological test...
Resumo Objetivo Caracterizar as tentativas de suicídio e automutilações por adolescentes e adultos, notificadas em Santa Catarina, Brasil, de 2014 a 2018. Métodos Estudo transversal descritivo, com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Compararam-se características sociodemográficas, clínicas e do tipo de violência autoprovocada, entre adolescentes e adultos. Resultados Nas 8.859 notificações analisadas, as tentativas de suicídio predominaram em relação à automutilação; as violências autoprovocadas foram mais frequentes no sexo feminino, raça/cor da pele branca e presença de transtorno mental; e sua ocorrência foi maior na residência, para ambas as idades. Nos adolescentes, destacou-se a automutilação de repetição (83,3%); e nos adultos, as tentativas de suicídio de repetição (50,6%) e a suspeita de uso de álcool no momento da violência (18,3%). Conclusão Identificou-se altas prevalências de tentativa de suicídio entre adolescentes e adultos; as características das violências foram semelhantes entre as faixas etárias analisadas.
Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a completitude, consistência e duplicidade de registros de violência sexual infantil no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) em Santa Catarina, Brasil, no período de 2009 a 2019. Métodos Estudo transversal descritivo e analítico, para avaliar a qualidade dos dados do Sinan quanto à completitude, consistência e não duplicidade. Resultados Foram notificados 3.489 casos de violência, observando-se aumento de 662,5% no número de notificações no período estudado, tendo o aumento do número de centros de referência ao atendimento das pessoas em situação de violência sexual no estado, explicado 46,7% da variação no número de casos, entre os anos estudados. A consistência foi excelente em 90,0% dos registros; e a completitude, entre excelente e boa em 92,3% deles. Para 14 variáveis, observou-se tendência de aumento da completitude no período. Não houve registro de duplicidades. Conclusão Os dados do sistema de vigilância da violência sexual contra crianças foram considerados adequados nos quesitos avaliados.
Tendo em vista a violência sexual como um problema de saúde pública complexo, multifacetado, endêmico e subnotificado, bem como suas consequências para as vítimas e para a sociedade, neste estudo lançamos um olhar para o autor de violência sexual com o objetivo de identificar suas características com base na literatura nacional e internacional. Utilizaram-se as bases NCBI/PubMed, APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus e LILACS, incluíram-se estudos que tratassem de autores de violência sexual publicados em português, inglês e espanhol, sem restrição de ano de publicação ou tipo metodológico. Foram incluídos 46 estudos na revisão. Os resultados mostram o perfil do homem e da mulher autora em relação ao ciclo de vida, estado civil, escolaridade, cor de pele/etnia, trabalho, se sofreu violência na infância, se fez uso de álcool e drogas, bem como comportamentos relacionados à violência. Merecem especial atenção os homens e mulheres autores de violência sexual contra crianças no âmbito familiar.
Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize child sexual abuse and investigate the factors related to its repetition in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical study, with data from 2009-2019 SINAN. Sociodemographic variables related to the circumstances of violence were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to test factors related to repetitive violence. Results: A total of 3489 cases of child sexual abuse were reported: 73.3% were girls, the most prevalent age ranged from 6 to 10 years, and 51% reported repetitive violence. The majority was perpetrated by one (85.6%) person, and in cases in which two or more perpetrators were involved, the proportion of occurrence was higher for boys (17%) versus girls (13%). Among the risk factors for the repetition of sexual violence are the place of occurrence being the residence, the perpetrator (the stepfather, the brother, and the father) being under the influence of alcohol, and the age of the child between 6 and 10 years. Conclusion: The profile and factors that help in the identification of repetitive child sexual abuse were presented, such as the authorship being related to stepfathers, parents, and siblings, the perpetrator being under the influence of alcohol, and the victim’s age between 6 and 10 years.
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