A series of imidazolin-2-thione derivatives was synthesized and structurally confirmed through the use of different spectroscopic techniques such as infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry along with elemental analyses. The breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was utilized in the evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of the prepared molecules. The tested molecules 3 and 7 exhibited the best results on MCF-7 cells, with mean IC 50 values of 3.26 and 4.31 µM, respectively. The results of the VEGFR-2 assay indicated that compounds 3 and 7 displayed a good inhibition of the VEGFR-2 kinase enzyme. Additionally, DNA flow cytometry of compounds 3 and 7 showed cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, cell apoptosis, and marked DNA fragmentation in MCF-7 cells. Finally, compounds 3 and 7 were proved to upregulate the activation of effector caspase-3/7, as presented by the caspase-3/7 green flow cytometry assay.

The inhibitory effect of three newly synthesized hydrazide derivatives on carbon steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid showed better inhibition efficiency (97.5%) and their inhibition mechanism is presented.

In continuation of our efforts to find a new class of antimicrobial agents, treatment of N,N′‐(1,4‐phenylene)bis(2‐cyanoacetamide) (1) with formaldehyde and either benzoylacetonitrile or malononitrile to afford pyridine derivatives 5 and 8, respectively. Similarly, treatment of 1 with different types of aldehydes afforded benzylidene derivatives 9–15, followed by the reaction with rmalononitrile dime to give polyfunctional pyridine derivative 18. Moreover, cyanoacetamide 1 was reacted with chalcone, benzylidenemalononitrile, and 1,3‐diketone to afford pyran derivatives 21, 25, and 28, respectively, followed by the reaction with ammonium acetate to afford polyfunctional pyridine derivatives 22, 26, and 29, respectively. Furthermore, thiazole derivative 32 was prepared via treatment of 1 with elemental sulfur and phenyl isothiocyanate. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated as antimicrobial activities.

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A novel series of N-1 arylidene amino imidazole-2-thiones were synthesized, identified using IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectral data. Cytotoxic effect of the prepared compounds was carried out utilizing three cancer cell lines; MCF-7 breast cancer, HepG2 liver cancer, and HCT-116 colon cancer cell lines. Imidazole derivative 5 was the most potent of all against three cell lines. DNA flow cytometric analysis showed that, imidazoles 4d and 5 exhibit pre-G1 apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. The results of the VEGFR-2 and B-Raf kinase inhibition assay revealed that compounds 4d and 5 displayed good inhibitory activity compared with reference drug erlotinib.