A locality that we studied was an archaeological site located near the village of Ctiněves, in the district of Litoměřice in the Czech Republic. The archaeological site is a polycultural site. It is very significant and plays an important role in the Czech archaeology. During our research, we found that cropmarks that were visible in 2016s were not visible in 2017 at all. This has brought us to study climate conditions and their influence on cropmarks. We studied nine other archaeological sites in the neighborhood of our site. During this research, we were looking for cropmarks and what kind of crop was planted there. We were searching for a correlation between climate conditions and cropmark visibility in this part of the study. Our second part of the study focused on the crop used at the site and whether there was an influence on the cropmarks. We tested grain, corn and rapeseed oil. Grain had the best results for cropmark visibility in our case. Rapeseed oil results suggested that cropmarks are significantly reduced. Our last area of interest dealt with using a thermal imager for archaeological features detection on the site without crops. We made several flights with the thermal imager, some of them before sunrise and some after sunrise. Our results showed several types of features on a football pitch, which is located on part of the archaeological site.
Documentation of a historical building is very important process preceding to every restoration or reconstruction work. It helps to preserve even minor information about objects shape, state, position and is often used for work advancement planning. Documentation is usually done using precise 3D model creation from which demanded cuts like ground plan are created. This papers shows how new geomatics methods can be used for 3D model creation and its placement in the area, that can be very interesting in terms of north-south position. As a case study two historical churches located in Czech Republic (towns of Holubice and Kralovice) has been used. Photogrammetry and laser scanning methods for 3D model creation are introduced.
The Erbil Al-Qala citadel is located on a distinct hill ("tell") in the foothills north of Iraq, in Kurdistan. The citadel is a historical city centre of presently rapidly growing Erbil, which is the capital city of the autonomous region of Kurdistan. The citadel has been inscribed on the World Heritage List since 21 June 2014. The Erbil citadel dates back thousands of years to the first settlers of Erbil. The resulting shape is a large, oval hill, and is properly referred to as a "tell", which means a large mound created by many generation buildings one on top of another. There are historical aerial photographs of Erbil citadel made by Bradford in 1951. These unique images are taken as a stereoscopic image pair configuration. A digital model and historical orthophoto has been created from this data set. A basic map of the citadel has been created based on modern VHR satellite data and field measurements. Bradford's historical images were processed in Agisoft PhotoScan software. Satellite images taken by Ikonos (2003), QuickBird (2005) and Pleiades (2014) satellites represent the second data sets. The created orthophotos and digital models of the citadel were mutually compared. The result is a map of missing objects that were destroyed during the second half of the twentieth century. Results based on image data processing from a long-term project of the CTU in Prague dealing with Kurdish historical monuments represent the main content of the proposed article.
ABSTRACT:This paper introduces two archaeological sites documented during the MULINEM (The Medieval Urban Landscape in Northeastern Mesopotamia) project. This project investigates the Late Sasanian and Islamic urban network in the land of Erbil, a historic province of Hidyab (Adiabene) that is located in northern Iraq. The investigated sites are the two deserted cities of Makhmúr al-Quadíma and Al-Hadítha. It is assumed that these two sites used to form large cities with high business and cultural importance in the medieval period. The archaeological locations are endangered by various threats. The Al-Hadítha site seems to be under the control of the "Islamic state" at the moment and Makhmúr al-Quadíma is located just next to the town of new Makhmúr that expands rapidly and without complex urban plans. Documentation of the archaeological sites has been done by using remotely sensed methods together with in-situ measurements (where available). FORMOSAT-2 data that has been gained through a research announcement: Free FORMOSAT-2 satellite imagery and when combined with other sources (recent and historical data) it provides a powerful documentation tool. In-situ RPAS measurements and a DTM creation furnish a new source of highly valuable information. Influence of the political and security situation in Al-Hadítha will be analysed.
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