Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led most countries to take restrictive measures affecting social activities and individual freedoms to limit viral transmission. It was shown that practical, motivational and social barriers impact on adherence to the isolation and social distancing measures advocated by the health authorities. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a COVID-19 Knowledges and Behavior Questionnaire adapted to a teenager and adult French population. Methods: CoVQuest-CC was developed by a multidisciplinary team made of infectious diseases physicians, medical virologist, specialists of infectious control, experts of the questionnaires methodology, experts in public health and prevention, and statisticians. CoVQuest-CC was responded to by a big cohort from the general population during their participation in a massive SARS-CoV-2 screening campaign in 2021 in Saint-Etienne, France. Results: The confirmatory factorial analysis yielded good results (CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.04), and confirmed the five-dimensional structure of the questionnaire. Each dimension had a satisfying internal consistency, with Cronbach alphas of 0.83, 0.71, 0.65, 0.72 and 0.83 for transmission knowledge, barrier gesture respect, tests acceptability, home isolation possibility and test practicability, respectively. Conclusions: According to our knowledge, CoVQuest-CC is the first validated, consistent and reliable self-administrated French-specific questionnaire investigating the general population’s knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19. It shows acceptable psychometric properties and can be use by Public Health teams or caregivers for public health and research purposes. Trial Registration: The study protocol was approved by the IRB ILE-DE-FRANCE 1 (No. IRB: I ORG0009918). All participants were given written and verbal information about the study and gave informed consent to participate. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT04859023.

Objective: France is experiencing a shift in health policy. The purpose of this article is to describe how cancer care health professionals define patient empowerment, describe modalities of care of the cancer patient treated by intravenous means and identify avenues for reflection on the specific challenges facing patient-centered care, from the perspective of changes in practices in the cancer care pathway.Methods: 19 individual, semi-structured interviews with health professionals working in cancer care facilities were analyzed in a qualitative study, using the Theoretical Domain Framework linked to the COM-B model.Results: The organization of care is governed by three factors. First of all, the cancer care system focuses on the strictly curative aspect of this disease. All devices lead to management centered on the pathology, and not on the patient as a whole. Secondly, the fact that the patient suffers from cancer modifies the attitudes and representations of caregivers towards the patient. Cancer introduces a relational bias in each of the stakeholders. Thirdly, the current organization of nursing care maintains paternalistic and prescriptive care in the cancer care pathway. Only new nursing jobs (coordinating nurses or pivot nurses) suggest the possibility of switching to patient-centered care. The analysis from TDF linked to the COM-B model shows that the strategy of implementing a new tool to measure the level of patient engagement, in routine nursing care, must focus on the reflective opportunity and motivation of the stakeholders.Conclusions: Caregivers should be acculturated to patient empowerment. TDF linked to the COM-B model can make it possible to think about how to prepare and adapt this change in practice at several sites of cancer treatment. Training adapted to the context to familiarize current caregivers with this new form of care is currently being implemented. To succeed, acculturating current health care providers to this new form of care, while offering them a tool to objectively assess the level of patient empowerment would undoubtedly foster their involvement in supporting patient empowerment, while allowing them to evaluate the time required to integrate this type of care.

Objective Five French oncology institutions had participated in a funded study aiming at implementing an Evidence-Based Practice tool (PAM-13), which allowed nurses to measure the level of activation of the patient to support his or her own empowerment in the cancer care pathway. The purpose of this ancillary study is to (i) describe the caregivers’ perceptions of addictions and their management concurrently with cancer treatment, (ii) explore the role that Motivational Interviewing techniques can play. Methods 15 individual semi-structured interviews of caregivers were performed, using the Theoretical Domains Framework for the interview guide. Qualitative data were analyzed inductively, in a thematic analysis. The COREQ guided the reporting of this qualitative study. Results Views on addictions influence the way caregivers manage patients suffering from unresolved issues of addiction. Care is mainly focused on the pathology (cancer-centered) and strictly curative. When practiced, Motivational Interviewing is patient-centered, fostering the patient’s empowerment on the cancer care pathway. Conclusions The dissemination of Motivational Interviewing techniques in current practices in oncology, both in terms of doctors and nursing teams, would enable improvement to the management of addictions on the cancer care pathway, by deploying a patient-centered approach. This new paradigm of care would support the empowerment of patients enrolled in the cancer care pathway and promote better communication between caregivers and patients. Hence, a paradigm shift is essential. Motivational Interviewing techniques could provide a caring approach that promotes communication between the patient and the caregiver and also supports the former’s empowerment. This research suggests the need to adapt the cancer care pathway in order to integrate the necessary care for patients who concomitantly suffer from unresolved addictive disorders. Trial registration NCT03706937