The results of this study suggest that iron deficiency anemia was less frequent among the cases with febrile convulsion, as compared to the controls, and there is not a protective effect of iron deficiency against febrile convulsions.
This prospective study supports the efficacy of propranolol and sodium valproate as prophylaxis for pediatric migraine without aura, based on IHS criteria. There were no significant differences between these two drugs in all evaluated parameters except for the mean headache frequency per month, which was lower with propranolol than with sodium valproate.
Autism is characterized by impairment in reciprocal communication and speech, repetitive behaviors, and social communication.The genetic and environmental factors play roles in the pathogenesis of autism. It was recently shown that the genes involved in the folate/homocysteine pathway may be risk factors for autistic children. One of the genes that may be the risk factor for autism is Methionine synthase (MTR). MTR is responsible for the regeneration of methionine from homocysteine. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of MTR A2756G gene polymorphism (rs1805087) and the risk of autism in a population in northern Iran. The prevalence of MTR A2756G polymorphism was determined in 108 children with autism and 130 controls in northern Iran.Genotypes and allele frequencies were determined in patients and controls by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The prevalence of genotype frequencies of AA, AG and GG in autistic children were 57.41%, 22.22% and 20.37%, respectively, while in controls were 61.54%, 32.31% and 6.15%, respectively. There was significant difference between the MTR polymorphism distribution in control and patient groups. The prevalence of allele frequencies of A and G in autistic children were 0.69 and 0.31, respectively and in controls were 0.78 and 0.22, respectively (P=0.03). The MTR G allele conferred a 1.6-fold increased risk to autism relative to the A allele (95% CI=1.06-2.41, P=0.02). The present study suggests that the G allele of MTR A2756G polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of autism.
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disruptions usually diagnosed in the first three years of child's life that characterized by some impairments in verbal and nonverbal communication, problems in social interactions and repetitive behaviors. The neuropilin-2 (NRP2) gene has been shown to both guide axons and control neuronal migration in the central nervous system (CNS). In this study the association between the NRP2 gene and autism using a cohort of 120 Iranian children (50 cases with autism and 70 control cases) was analyzed. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analyses. There was significant difference between the genotype and allele frequency between control and patient groups (P = 0.003 and P = 0.01, respectively). The prevalence of genotype frequencies of TT and TG in autistic children were 40% and 60%, respectively, while in controls were 68.5% and 31.5%, respectively. The heterozyote TG was associated with an increased risk of autism compared with TT genotype (OR = 3.72, 95%CI = 1.53-6.95, P = 0.02). The allele frequencies of T and G in autistic children were 78.5% and 21.4%, respectively and in controls were 84.2% and 15.7%, respectively. The NRP2 G allele conferred a 2.29-fold increased risk to autism relative to the T allele (OR = 2.29, 95%CI = 1.23-4.29, P = 0.009). The results of this study showed that there is a significant association between rs849563 polymorphism and autism in the studied population. However in order to obtain a definitive conclusion larger studies with more samples are required to confirm the results of this study.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.