Quick responses to sudden-onset disasters and the effective allocation of rescue and relief resources are vital for saving lives and reducing the suffering of the victims. This paper deals with the problem of positioning medical and relief distribution facilities after a sudden-onset disaster event. The background of this study is the situation in Padang Pariaman District after the West Sumatra earthquake. Three models are built for the resource location and deployment decisions. The first model reflects current practice where relief distribution and victim evacuation are performed separately and relief is distributed by distribution centers within administrative boundaries. The second model allows relief to be distributed across boundaries by any distribution center. The third model further breaks down functional barriers to allow the evacuation and relief distribution operations share vehicles. These models are solved directly for small problems and by using a direct approach as well as heuristics for large problems. Test results on small problems show that resource sharing measures, both across boundaries and across different functions, improve on current practice. For large problems, the results give similar conclusions to those for small problems when each model is solved using its own best approach.
Oriental persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) originated from and has mainly been cultivated in China, Korea, and Japan, and currently Keywords: auxin, Diospyros kaki L., germination, leaf number, root stock ABSTRAKTanaman kesemek atau oriental persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) banyak dibudidayakan di China, Korea, serta Jepang, dan saat ini banyak ditanam di Indonesia seperti di daerah Batu, Kuningan, dan Brastagi. Keberhasilan pembibitan kesemek di Indonesia masih rendah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperbanyak tanaman secara vegetatif dari pemisahan tunas akar dengan perlakuan auksin guna mendukung pengembangan pembibitan tanaman kesemek. Perbanyakan tanaman dilakukan dengan tunas akar yang direndam dengan auksin (IAA, IBA, NAA, dan Root-up; masing-masing 100 ppm), serta perlakuan kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan IAA, NAA dan Root-up 100 ppm menghasilkan tunas lebih awal dibandingkan dengan kontrol dan IBA 100 ppm. Tingkat kematian bibit tertinggi mencapai 50% terjadi pada perlakuan Root-up 100 ppm dan kontrol. Jumlah tunas terbanyak dihasilkan oleh perlakuan IAA dan IBA sebanyak 16.5 dan 17.0 tunas. Jumlah daun terbanyak dihasilkan oleh perlakuan IAA 100 ppm (20.8 helai).
<p><em>Indigenous vegetables have become popular, but the information of crops cultivated by farmers is limited. The objective of this research was to investigate the crops cultural of indigenous vegetables by farmers and their uses in Pamekasan district, East Java, Indonesia during rainy season, December of 2016. In depth observations of the indigenous vegetables and interviews with farmers were conducted in six sub-districts, i.e., Pasean (50 m above the sea level; asl), Waru (159 m asl), Pakong (250 m asl), Kadur (140 m asl), Pademawu (7 m asl) and Tlanakan (22 m asl). This study showed that utilization of the indigenous vegetables in Pamekasan district is still varied and not yet maximal. Vegetable crop has been highest utilities by the society in Waru Sub-district (50%), Tlanakan Sub-district (47.1%) and Pademawu Sub-district (42.1%), while the vegetables utilization has not been maximal in Kecamatan Kadur (53.3%), Pakong Sub-district and Pasean Sub-district (50%). The most un-utilities vegetables are in Kecamatan Pakong (22.2%) and Pasean sub-districts (20%).</em></p>
<p>ABSTRAK<br />Salak (Salacca zalacca) banyak dibudidayakan di Kabupaten Bangkalan. Permasalahan penyerbukan seperti kesuburan serbuk sari menjadi masalah utama dalam produksi salak di Bangkalan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari viabilitas serbuk sari dari bunga jantan pada salak Bangkalan. Sampel bunga dikoleksi dari perkebunan salak di Desa Kramat, Kecamatan Bangkalan, Kabupaten Bangkalan. Pengamatan dan pembuatan preparat dilakukan di Laboratorium Produksi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura pada bulan Mei 2018. Pengamatan fertilitas serbuk sari dilakukan di bawah mikroskop setelah dilakukan pewarnaan terhadap serbuk sari dengan larutan Lugol 1%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan viabilitas serbuk sari pada bunga salak jantan kuning lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan bunga salak jantan merah dengan perbandingan 95% dan 10%. <br />Kata kunci: Anther, Madura, Serbuk sari, Salacca zalacca, Steril</p><p>Study on Pollen Viability of Bangkalan Snake Fruit</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Snake fruit (Salacca zalacca (Gaertner) Voss) is widely cultivated in Bangkalan District. Pollination problems such as pollen fertility are a major problem in the production of salak in Bangkalan. The objective of the study was to determine the pollen viability of Bangkalan snake fruit. Flower sample was collected from salak gardens in Kramat Village, Bangkalan and pollen analysis were conducted at the Production Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Trunojoyo Madura in May 2018. Observation of fertility of pollen was conducted under a microscope after pollen staining with Lugol 1%. The results showed that the pollen viability of male yellow flower was higher than the red one with a ratio of 95% and 10%, respectively.<br />Keywords: Anther, Madura, Pollen, Salacca zalacca, Sterile</p>
The study aimed to determine the quality of juwets (Syzygium cumini) due to packaging. The study was conducted in Kamal District, Bangkalan Regency, in September-November 2016, using 30-year-old juwet trees. The experimental was set up a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a single factor, bagging and twenty replications with one tree per replicate. The results showed that the sugar content in juwets that were not-bagging ranged from 12.5-14.5 °Brix lower than the bagging treatment which ranged from 15.5-16.5 °Brix. The anthocyanin content in the week of harvest has decreased. The highest flesh of fruits was produced by the bagging treatment than not-bagging with values of 6.58 g and 6.30 g, respectively. The highest ratio flesh of fruit and seeds is produced by the fruit bagging with a value around 5.10.
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