Data on the content of free amino acids (FAA) in four species of red algae are presented. The content of 20 amino acids was determined in the composition of FAA of the studied species. The largest amounts contained glutamic and aspartic acids, alanine, proline and taurine. The studied algae do not differ in the qualitative composition of protein amino acids, but differ in the presence and content of nonprotein ones. The content of most of the FAA and their summ was the highest for Phycodrysrubens, and in Palmaria palmatathe smallest.
The article presented the overview of the main seasonal dynamics of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, carotenoids and phycobiliproteins) as well as their ratios for the mass species of the Murmansk coast of the Barents Sea red algae Palmaria palmata. The concentration of pigments depends on the level of illumination and temperature which is statistically confirmed. The results of the research showed that the chlorophyll content of Palmaria palmata is characterized by a significant decrease in summer and an increase in winter which is in contrast to the change in the level of illumination. It was proved that in winter with a decrease in light, the efficiency of photosynthesis is provided by the accumulation of pigments including phycobilins. It is suggested that the relationship of reproduction, namely the release of tetraspores with the reduction of phycobiliproteins, since the presented process requires significant energy costs. It is shown that the concentration of phycobilins decreases with increasing light intensity. Prolonged presence of algae under high light intensities reduces the amount of photosynthetic pigments. The results of the research showed that the number of pigments decreases with low temperatures and vice versa their number increases with increasing temperature. A significant negative correlation between the water temperature and the main pigments of the photosynthetic apparatus – chlorophyll a and carotenoids was revealed. The concentration of carotenoids and phycobilins depends on the function they perform: in summer - photoprotectors, in winter-additional light collectors. Palmaria has a maximum content during the polar night. Significant changes in the ratios of Car/Chl a, PhE/ Chl a, PhE / PhE depending on environmental factors are shown.
Arctic ecosystems are the most sensitive and vulnerable to anthropogenic impact, namely, the influence of petroleum products. The aim is to identify the effect of diesel fuel (DF) on the composition of free amino acids (FAA) in Acrosiphonia arcta in Barents Sea. The impact of DF concentrations of 20 - 3000 maximal permitted concentration (MPC) was analyzed. It was found that A. arcta contains 20 amino acids, 16 of which are proteinogenic and 8 are essential. The composition of the FAA pool did not change under the influence of DF, but the content of individual FAA and their total amount differed. The ratio of the dominant amino acids changes: at concentrations of DF up to 1000 MPC content of proline increased, and decreased at higher concentrations of DF. Under the influence of DF in concentration of 3000 MPC, taurine content significant increased. The least negative effect was exerted under the influence of DF concentration of 20 MPC, more significant - at the concentration more than 1000 MPC. Changes in the content of FAA are probably associated with the redirection of the synthesis pathways of amino acid groups, as well as the inhibitory effect of the toxicant on protein synthesis.
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