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This work examines two different types of myoelectric control schemes for the purpose of rehabilitation robot applications. The first is a commonly used technique based on a Gaussian classifier. It is implemented in real time for healthy subjects in addition to a subject with Central Cord Syndrome (CCS). The myoelectric control scheme is used to control three degrees of freedom (DOF) on a robot manipulator which corresponded to the robot's elbow joint, wrist joint, and gripper. The classes of motion controlled include elbow flexion and extension, wrist pronation and supination, hand grasping and releasing, and rest. Healthy subjects were able to achieve 90% accuracy. Single DOF controllers were first tested on the subject with CCS and he achieved 100%, 96%, and 85% accuracy for the elbow, gripper, and wrist controllers respectively. Secondly, he was able to control the three DOF controller at 68% accuracy. The potential applications for this scheme are rehabilitation and teleoperation. To overcome limitations in the pattern recognition based scheme, a second myoelectric control scheme is also presented which is trained using electromyographic (EMG) data derived from natural reaching motions in the sagittal plane. This second scheme is based on a time delayed neural network (TDNN) which has the ability to control multiple DOF at once. The controller tracked a subject's elbow and shoulder joints in the sagittal plane. Results showed an average error of 19° for the two joints. This myoelectric control scheme has the potential of being used in the development of exoskeleton and orthotic rehabilitation applications.

Benzaldehyde is the simplest and quite possibly the most industrially useful aromatic aldehyde. It is manufactured from toluene, either by chlorination, followed by hydrolysis, or by liquid phase air oxidation. The air oxidation of toluene to produce benzoic acid is the source of most of the world's synthetic benzaldehyde. Benzaldehyde is widely used directly, as a synthetic flavoring substance, or as a raw material in the synthesis of industrially important derivatives such as benzyl alcohol, benzoin and benzil and several benzyl amines. The hydrogenation of benzaldehyde to form benzyl alcohol is the largest single use of benzaldehyde. In addition, benzaldehyde serves as the major raw material a wide variety of fragrance compounds are derivatives of benzaldehyde. The major products in the fragrance category are cinnamic aldehyde and a number of substituted cinnamic aldehydes; such as methyl, butyl, amyl, and hexyl cinnamic aldehydes.

Students attending a midwestern university (N = 520) were surveyed about their attitudes toward the work world, their futures, and adulthood. Differences between underclassmen and upperclassmen in plans following graduation and perceived level of preparation may reflect each group's closeness to graduation. Differences were found between male and female students regarding their connections to and reliance on their parents. Options to better transition students into the work world are discussed.As a new generation moves into the workplace, different values and ideas are being revealed . The ideas of long-term commitment, loyalty, and work hours are changing with the entry of this new generation (Marston, 2005) . Marston stated that employees and managers already in the workplace assume that members of the new generation will bring desires, values, and expectations that are the same as theirs; however, this is not occurring . Furthermore, the business world views young adults differently from how it did in the past . In "College Graduates Aren't Ready for the Real World," Levine (2005) wrote that "we are witnessing a pandemic of what I call 'worklife unreadiness .' . . . I [have] heard repeatedly from employers that their current crop of novice employees appear unable to delay gratification and think long term" (p . B11) . He stated that young adults have difficulty making up their minds and are unprepared to choose an appropriate form of work . Employers have also stated that college graduates' skills are not at the level needed to perform tasks required in the business world (Schoeff, 2007;Stevens, 2005) . A poll of business leaders revealed a need for more emphasis by higher education on cross-disciplinary knowledge and analytical skills (Banerji, 2007) .For today's young men and women, in comparison with those of the past, certain defining characteristics have changed (Montgomery, 2005;White, 2002): Since 1970, the average age at which U .S . women marry has increased from 21 years to 26 years; in the last decade, the average age of first-time home buyers has increased from 29 years to 33 years; from 1970 to 2002, the annual earnings after adjusting for inflation for full-time, 25-to 35-year-old workers decreased 17%; and one in five 26-year-olds is living with a parent .