ResumoForam investigados os componentes verbais e não-verbais da assertividade para lidar com críticas de 35 pacientes psicóticos desinstitucionalizados, comparativamente a 35 sujeitos não-clínicos. Dois observadores treinados observaram os sujeitos interagindo com interlocutores em quatro situações sociais de asserção negativa, de fazer e receber críticas, em desempenho de papéis gravados em vídeo. Variou-se o tipo de situação e o gênero do interlocutor. Os resultados mostraram que a freqüência e duração dos componentes verbais e não-verbais da assertividade foram significativamente inferiores no grupo clínico. Observouse uma correlação significativa entre componentes verbais e não-verbais. Os dois grupos foram mais assertivos nas situações de fazer críticas do que nas de receber crítica. Ambos os grupos apresentaram maior assertividade diante do interlocutor masculino, para a maioria dos componentes. Estes resultados replicam dados de outros pesquisadores, indicando a necessidade do treinamento de assertividade em programas de reinserção social, em nosso contexto. Palavras-chave: Comportamento assertivo; psicóticos; reinserção social; desinstitucionalização; desempenho de papéis. Social Integration of Psychotics: Verbal and Non-verbal Components of Assertive Behavior in Interpersonal Situations of Making and Receiving Criticism AbstractThis research investigated the verbal and non-verbal components of assertive behavior in situations of dealing with criticism of 35 psychotics compared to 35 non-clinical subjects. Two trained judges observed them interacting with trained partners in four negative assertion role-play situations, regarding giving anda receiving criticism, which were videotaped. Types of situations and gender of partners were varied. Results showed a significant deficit of verbal and non-verbal components of assertive behavior in the clinical group. Verbal and non-verbal components correlated significantly. Both groups were more assertive in the situations they were required to criticize their partners compared to situations where they have been criticized. Both groups were more assertive when interacting with male partner, for most of the componentes. These results in general replicated data from others researchers and indicates that brasilian psychiatric patients need to receive assertive training for implementing their social integration.
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