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RESUMOObservamos o efeito do conhecimento sobre a identificação e sobre o controle dos riscos quando o comportamento do trabalhador realiza práticas seguras no ambiente de trabalho. O intuito é reduzir a probabilidade de eventos adversos e não planejadas. Podem ser estabelecidas ações específicas e direcionadas para prevenção de acidentes com a identificação de fatores cognitivos que contribuem mais fortemente para o comportamento humano durante a execução de atividades no trabalho, fazendo com que o trabalhador evite a repetição de acidente na mesma parte do corpo anteriormente envolvida, e também para evitar o envolvimento de outras partes do corpo em novos acidentes. ABSTRACTWe observe the effect of knowledge to identify and control the risks when the worker's behavior accomplishes safe practices in the workplace. The aim is to reduce the likelihood of adverse events and unplanned. They can be established specific and targeted actions to prevent accidents with the identification of cognitive factors that contribute more strongly to human behavior during the execution of activities at work, causing the worker to avoid the accident repeat the same part of previously involved body and also to avoid the involvement of other body parts further accidents.

There are situations in the operation of complex machinery which is significant pressure. In need of capturing, interpreting and processing information from instruments, often in seconds. This occurs in the middle where it operates the pilot and the aircraft will be established a set of operations that will culminate with a maneuver, consisting of a substantial and binding set of procedures performed for this driver. This has little time to evaluate and act, supported by aircraft instruments and external environmental signals captured by the senses, which will stimulate conditioned actions that, if executed without due accuracy, is reflected in a deadly mistake. These situations cause a state of tension and unpredictability, especially when there is bad weather and / or no visibility and bad wind conditions occur and are not supportive or even shrinkage, or even partial or total ability to operate the airplane happen..

The probes allow the pilot to control the aircraft speed was essential to the balance of the flight. Opinions of experts who claim that "the design of the plane would have exercised a not inconsiderable role in the occurrence of a disaster. " These messages revealed a series of important operating errors in a zone of turbulence, "making the plane uncontrollable, leading to a rapid depressurization device, according to these reports. A lawsuit in Toulouse and in Brazil aims to recognition of the liability of Air France and Airbus not insignificant role in the design and operation of the aircraft in the event of catastrophe. Opinions are taken from senior pilots that no commercial aviation training for certain situations abnormal flight that, if realized, could have influenced the pilots of the AF-447 to remove the plane's fatal dive show what experiments performed in simulators for military pilots, who are permanently subject to critical flight situations.

Guilt! : A word which disrupts accident investigations. In the scenario of aircraft with high degree of automation control which resembles computer consoles, point to the need for further research focused on possible conflicts between the "human logic" and "logical automation" checked in control systems for aircraft. It is very important to consider that the logic of automation was also drafted by pilots, so that this assumption is difficult to validate. A pilot in command of the Airbus blurted that "modern technology was withdrawing men of cockpits. This happened with the radio-telegraph when they got the new communication systems called SSB and VHF. But from there, the pilots were more burdened with the task of transmitting operational information and logistics companies, diluting attention at critical moments of the flight, in congested terminal areas. Also happened with the navigator when new systems arise like Omega and Doppler Radar. Over a sequence of operations adjustments and manipulations more equipment were transferred to the pilots on this occasion, adding to the known and the complex and overloaded duties of these professionals. This also happened with the mechanics of flight (the third man in the cockpit), when computers arrived. Until the 70s there was a work station flight engineer.

The creation of meaning in communication is a trading activity, resulting from the construction that is born of the interaction between subjects. That is, the meaning is not inherent to the relationship between words, signs and symbols that arise from negotiating a necessary and unavoidable. As the concepts of sense as discrete and static representations imply a notion of classical computing and design of a cognitive system corresponding conceptions of meaning construction as located and shared among agents implies notions of different computing and cognition. Several efforts have been developed to meet these demands. Among them are the Connectionism (also known as neural networks. Records on aspects of mental health and stress of flight professionals are present in the official reports of the organs of investigation of aviation accidents worldwide since its inception. Problems related to health physical and mental health of pilots (fatigue, stress, physiological and psychosocial problems) account for 19% of causal factors in aircraft accidents. The training seems a paradox when we know that these professionals receive regular training, have high education and technical training of high level. However, problems arise related to the implementation of learning that can be influenced to reduce their cognitive capacity, making it in practice, relatively unable to exercise its functions effectively and safely.

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Maintenance tasks, especially in heavy maintenance, may not be completed in a single shift. Aircraft maintenance technicians often take work in progress by colleagues, and spend the incomplete work for a change of team. The need for accuracy and efficiency of information transfer in many cases, without having time to have a meeting to pass the service is a crucial aspect of maintenance work. The ideal shift change can occur normally before delivery and continues to proceed normally after delivery. Although a shift change create challenges for communication, they also offer opportunities to detect and correct errors, where the task of delivery is an opportunity to identify the problem and fix it. In this case, the task was done correctly the first round, however, a problem began when the second round took. One example is a case in which the first round have removed a defective part for replacement and let the component of aircraft at end of turn with problems. Instead of ordering and installation of an operational component, the second round was then reinstall the faulty component, not realizing he had information about the problem attached.