The Brown UniversiTy Child & AdolesCenT PsyChoPhArmACology UPdATe 7 thorough medical evaluation. Parents were also carefully interviewed and were requested to rate the severity of the ADHD-RS-IV symptoms based on the behavior of their children at home. Among the exclusion criteria was use of any medication that might have adverse reactions with saffron, including warfarin, aspirin, other antiplatelet agents, and herbal medicines (such as garlic, feverfew, ginseng, dong quai, red clover, and other natural coumadins). One group received methylphenidate (Ritalin), and the second received saffron capsules.
Introduction: Hyperlipidemia is considered a prominent risk factor for coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease is the most common cause of mortality and morbidity in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of artichoke leaf extract (ALE) supplementation on the lipid profile of CKD patients. Patients and Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in 38 CKD subjects (GFR<60 and >15 mL/min/1.73 m2 ) with hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dL or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] ≥ 110 mg/dL). The intervention group received an artichoke capsule (320 mg) and an indistinguishable placebo was given to the control group twice daily for 6 weeks. Lipid profile and appetite were assessed at week 8 and the results were compared with the baseline data. Results: ALE supplementation was correlated with a statistically significant decrease in mean total cholesterol (P=0.028) and LDL-C (P=0.005) compared to the control group. The two groups did not show a significant difference in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P=0.071) and triglyceride levels (P=0.22). There was a statistically significant difference in appetite between the two groups (P=0.016). Conclusion: This randomized controlled trial demonstrated that consumption of ALE supplement may improve appetite and lipid profile in CKD patients.
Purpose: Despite numerous studies on the effects of complementary medicine, to our knowledge, there is no study on the effects of Capparis spinosa on disease regression in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. We compared the effects of caper fruit pickle consumption, as an Iranian traditional medicine product, on the anthropometric measures and biochemical parameters in different NAFLD patients.Methods: A 12-weeks randomized, controlled, double-blind trial was designed in 44 NAFLD patients randomly categorized for the control (n=22) or caper (n=22). The caper group received 40-50 gr of caper fruit pickles with meals daily. Before and after treatment, we assessed anthropometric measures, grade of fatty liver, serum lipoproteins and liver enzymes.Results: Weight and BMI were significantly decreased in the caper (p<0.001 and p<0.001) and control group (p=0.001 and p=0.001), respectively. Serum TG, TC and LDL.C just were significantly decreased in the control group (p=0.01, p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Adjusted to the baseline measures, serum ALT and AST reduction were significantly higher in the caper than control group from baseline up to the end of the study (p<0.001 and p=0.02, respectively). After weeks 12, disease severity was significantly decreased in the caper group (p <0.001).Conclusion: Our results suggest that daily caper fruit pickle consumption for 12 weeks may be potentially effective on improving the biochemical parameters in NAFLD patients. Further, additional larger controlled trials are needed for the verification of these results.
Purpose Diet is recognized as a possible potential factor in migraine pathogenesis. Limited evidence exists on the effect of diet on pediatric migraine, so this paper aims to investigate the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and odds of migraine in children. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a case-control study in tertiary Sina hospital, Tehran, Iran. A hundred children with migraine as case group and 190 sex-matched healthy controls were included in this study. Definite diagnosis of migraine was based on 2018 international classification of headache disorder 3 (ICHD3) criteria. Demographic and anthropometric characteristics were collected. Common dietary intake of participants was obtained using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Findings Children in the migraine group had significantly higher BMI and age compared with the control group (p-value = <0.01). After adjustment for age, gender, BMI and total energy intake, a significant association between higher intake of vegetables in second tertile (OR: 0.47; CI: 0.24-0.92), fruits in third tertile (OR: 0.31; CI:0.14-0.69) and fiber in fourth quartile (OR:0.28; CI:0.095-0.85) was obtained. Controlling for all confounders in Model 3, the odds of migraine, decreased by 50 per cent and 70 per cent as the consumption of vegetables and fruits increased, in the second tertile of vegetables (p-value = 0.04) and the third tertile of fruits (p-value = <0.01). Originality/value The findings confirm a plausible protective role of dietary fruits and vegetables against the risk of migraine in children, which can be attributed to the probable effect of dietary fiber.
Objective:Postoperative ileus (POI) is a common complication after surgery that requires a multifactorial therapeutic approach. This study aims to assess the effect of topical chamomile oil on postoperative bowel activity after cesarian section.Methods:This randomized controlled trial was carried out in 2015 at Chamran Hospital in Iran. A block randomization list was generated for 142 parturient divided into three groups. In the intervention group (arm A) (n = 47), chamomile oil was applied topically on abdominal region after the stability of the patient. Placebo group (arm B) (n = 47) received placebo oil and control group (arm C) (n = 48) had no intervention. A recovery program was used after surgery for all participants. The primary outcome was time to first flatus. Secondary outcomes were time to bowel sounds, defecation, return of appetite, hospital stay, and rate of nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain.Findings:Times to first flatus were significantly shorter in Group A (arm A vs. B, P < 0.001 and arm A vs. C, P < 0.001). In addition, time to first bowel sounds (arm A vs. B, P < 0.001 and arm A vs. C, P < 0.001) and return of appetite (arm A vs. B, P < 0.001 and arm A vs. C, P < 0.001) were significantly shorter in arm A. The times from surgery to first defecation were shorter in Group A versus B and C. However, there were no statistically significant differences between three groups.Conclusion:These results suggest that topical chamomile oil has a potential therapeutic effect on gastrointestinal motility and can reduce the duration of POI.
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