Purpose: To review current therapeutic efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in patients in failure, while 4 (3.4 %), 30 (25.4 %), and 84 (75.1 %)

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Purpose: To evaluate the use of herbal medicines in Nsukka community and determine the adverse reactions associated with this practice. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 120 persons was conducted in Ogige market, Nsukka using selfadministered questionnaires. Outcomes measured included proportion of respondents who use herbal medicines and their reasons, their perception on the safety and effectiveness of the medicines, their purchasing habits of the medicines, those who recommend the medicines, and adverse reactions to them. Frequency analysis and Pearson's correlation test were conducted with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Less than half of the respondents (43.2%) took herbal medicines without consulting a health professional, and more than 60 % of them believed that herbal medicines are safe and effective. Only 47.4 % of the respondents claimed to have ever experienced mild adverse effects following the use of the medicines which were resolved with advice sought from health professionals. Stooling and vomiting were the major reported adverse effects. Older respondents had a better perception on the safety of herbal medicines (p = 0.005) and are less likely to tell their health professionals that they are already taking herbal medicines when orthodox medicines are prescribed/recommended for them. High-income earners spent more on herbal medicines (p = 0.029) than others. Conclusion: Many respondents use herbal medicines without consulting a health professional. However, most of them seek advice from health professionals when adverse effects result from these medicines during use.

Introduction: The burden of uncontrolled asthma is high and caregivers can offer support in the management of asthma. Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and quality of life (QoL) of caregivers toward asthma in their children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Paediatric Respiratory Unit of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State (July 2017-September 2017). We utilized a 46-item questionnaire comprising knowledge and attitude domains and the 13-item Pediatric Asthma Caregiver’s QoL Questionnaire (PACQLQ). Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Version 25.0. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Fifty-one caregivers participated in the study. More than half (n = 36, 70.6%) of the caregivers were 40 years old and above, female (n = 37, 72.5%), graduates from higher institutions (n = 33, 64.7%), and self-employed (n = 27, 52.9%). About a quarter (n = 13, 25.5%) had a family history of asthma and a similar proportion (n = 14, 27.5%) knew the three main symptoms of asthma. Conclusion: Less than half (n = 24, 47.1%) of the caregivers had good asthma knowledge. Dust (n = 35, 68.6%) and smoke (n = 31, 60.8%) were identified as the most common asthma triggers in their children. The majority of the caregivers (n = 41, 80.3%) agreed that most people can have well-controlled asthma without seeing a doctor regularly. Overall, less than half of the caregivers (n = 24, 47.1%) showed positive attitudes toward their children’s asthma. The overall score for the PACQLQ was 3.91 (0.98) which implied a poor QoL. The caregivers had both impaired activity and emotional function from managing asthma in their children. More female caregivers had better knowledge about asthma than their male counterparts (t = −3.178; df = 49; p = 0.003). Less than half of the caregivers had good asthma knowledge and positive attitudes toward asthma in their children. They had an impaired QoL from managing asthma in their children.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the interventions of final year pharmacy students of University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN) during clinical ward rounds in a secondary and a tertiary hospital in Enugu State, Nigeria.Methods: Students were instructed at the start of their clerkship by pharmacist preceptors on how to appropriately document clinical interventions across the hospitals. A pharmacist reviewed each intervention entered by the students for appropriateness. All data collected were entered into the IBM Statistical Products and Service Solutions (SPSS) for Windows, Version 21.0 for analysis. Descriptive statistics, including mean and percentages, were used to analyze data obtained. Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research and Ethics committee of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State.Results: The students documented interventions for three hundred and eight (308) patients. There were more females among the patients (157) and most were aged 19-35 y (92). The common types of interventions performed were drug-drug interactions (14%), therapeutic duplication (11%), and patient and family education (11.7%). The most common additional laboratory test recommended was Serum-Electrolyte-Urea-Creatinine (SEUCr) (30.77%). The most common form of patient education rendered was on dietary and lifestyle modifications in ulcer (1.9%). No characteristic of the patients had a statistically significant relationship with the types and frequency of clinical interventions.Conclusion: Final year pharmacy students of UNN demonstrated competencies in experiential education. They were able to make valid clinical interventions that contributed to patient care in the two hospitals during their clinical clerkship.