Coal -derived ~n a t e r i a1 s from two coal conversi on processes were screened f o r p o t e n t i a l e c o l o g i c a l t o x i c i t y . W e examined t h e t o x i c i t y o f m a t z r i a l s from d i f f e r e n t engi n e e r i ng o r process o p t i o n s t o an a q u a t i c i n v e r t e b r a t e and a1 so r e l a t e d p o t e n t i a l hazard t o r e l a t i v e c o n c e n t r a t i o n , composition, and s t a b i 1 i t y o f water s o l u b l e components. For m a t e r i a l s t e s t e d from t h e I n t e g r a t e d Two-Stage L i q u e f a c t i o n (ITSL) process, only t h e LC f i n e r (LCF) 650°F d i s t i l l a t e was h i g h l y s o l u b l e i n water a t 20°C. The LCF feed and Total L i q u i d Product (TLP) were n o t i n l i q u i d s t a t e s a t 20°C dnd Nere r e l a t i v e l y i n s o l u b l e i n water. R e l a t i v e hazard t o daphnids from ITSL m a t e r i a l s was as f o l lows: LCF 650°F d i s t i 1 l a t e 2 LCF feed TLP. For Exxon Donor Solvent (EDS) m a t e r i a l s , process s o l v e n t produced i n t h e b o ttoms r e c y c l e mode was more s o l u b l e i n water than once-through process s o l v e n t and, hence, s l i g h t l y more a c u t e l y t o x i c t o daphnids. When compared t o o t h e r coal l i q u i d s o r petroleum products, t h e ITSL o r EDS l i q u i d s were i n t e r m e d i a t e i n t o x i c i t y ; r e l a t i v e hazard ranged from 1/7 t o 1/13 o f the Solverlt Refined Coal (SRC)-I1 d i s t i l l a t e blend, b u t was several times g r e a t e r than t h e r e l a t i v e hazard f o r No. 2 d i e s e l f u e l o i l o r Prudhoe Bay crude o i l . A1 though cornposit i onal d i fferences i n water-sol ubl e f r a c t i o n s (WSF) were noted among m a t e r i a l s , phenolics were t h e major cornpound c l a s s i n a l l WSFs and probably t h e primary c o n t r i h u t o r t o acute t o x i c i t y . CONTENTS
The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) is funding fish passage and protection facilities at 20 irrigation diversions in the Yakima River Basin, Washington. Construction implements section 904(d) of the Northwest Power Planning Council's Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program. The program addresses natural propagation of salmonids to help mitigate the impact of irrigation in the Yakima River Basin and provides offsite enhancement to compensate for fish and wildlife losses caused by hydroelectric development throughout the Columbia River Basin. The fish screening facilities at the Richland and Satus canals (Richland Screens and Toppenish/Satus Screens) are two of the protective facilities funded by BPA. The Richland Screens divert fish entering the Richland Canal back to the Yakima River. The Toppenish/Satus Screens divert fish entering the Satus Canal back to Toppenish Creek. This report is a fisheries evaluation of the effectiveness of the Richland and Toppenish/Satus Screens. Fish were released upstream of or within the screen facilities and captured in the diversion that transfers them back to the river. Results indicate that both screens safely divert fish from the canals back to the river or creek. The study focused on salmonids. Test fish were steelhead, Salmo yairderni , smolts; spring chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, smolts; and fall chinook salmon fingerlings. Testing was limited to one set of conditions at each site because of construction delays. Near minimum flow capacity was tested at the Richland Screens and near full flow capacity was tested at the Toppenish/Satus Screens. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The involvement and cooperation of many people contributed to the success of this project. Tom Clune was the Bonneville Power Administration Project Manager. Bob Tuck and Dave Fast of the Yakima Indian Nation, Gary M a l m of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), and John Easterbrooks of the Washington State Department of Fisheries contributed to the review of the 1985 annual report a n d refinement of the study plan. John Easterbrooks, Dave Fast and Bob Pearce of the National Marine Fisheries Services reviewed this report and provided comments. Ed LaMott of the USFWS Spring Creek National Hatchery, Bill Walsdorf and Ralph Malson of the USFWS Leavenworth National Hatchery, and Joe Steele of the Washington State Department of Game Naches Trout Hatchery helped rear and procure the test fish. We very much appreciate the counsel and guidance provided by D u a n e H. Fickeisen in assuring that this effort met the needs of Bonneville Power Administration. The manuscript was reviewed by Kathy A.
The study emphasized salmonids:Test fish were steelhead smolts (Salmo gairdneri); spring chinook salmon smolts (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha): and fall chinook salmon fry.Evaluations were made under both low and high canal flows at the Wapato Screens. Tests at Richland Canal were conducted during typical spring flows in the diversion. ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe involvement and cooperation of many people helped this project succeed. Thomas J. Clune of the Bonneville Power Administration was the Project Manager. Robert T. Tuck and David E. Fast of the Yakima Indian Nation, Gary Malm of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and John Easterbrooks of the Washington State Department of Fisheries contributed as consultants during review of the 1985 and 1986 annual reports. William E. James of the Washington State Department of Fisheries, Ralph Malson of the Leavenworth National Hatchery (USFWS). James L. Cummins of the Washingon State Department of Wildlife, and Richard Nelson of the Chelan County Public Utility District helped with procurement and rearing of test fish.
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