The aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows. Four lactating cows were fed diets with increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd as a substitute for corn. The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated. There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber. Nutrient digestibility was not affected while the synthesis of microbial protein increased. These changes resulted in reduced milk production, without altering the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk, with a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals. Metabolic parameters, glucose and urea nitrogen in plasma, remained within appropriate levels. The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration. However, its use promotes a reduction in intake of dry matter and nutrients as well as a reduction in the production of milk, with impacts on the profitability of the product.

Schmidt, E. (Department of Paediatrics, University of Düsseldorf, GFR). Effects of varying degrees of heat treatment on milk protein and its nutritional consequences. Acta Paediatr Scand, Suppl. 296:41, 1982. — The loss of essential protein‐nutrients by heat treatment of formula products has largely been eliminated by modern techniques employed by the food industry. Heat treatment of human milk reduces the biological activity of protein‐like antimicrobial factors, but pasteurisation preserves most of the IgA‐activity. Little is known about possible nutritional effects on low birthweight infants of heat treatment of human milk. In one study no impairment in nitrogen absorption or retention was observed.

The objective of evaluating the intake and digestibility of nutrients, milk production, production efficiency and composition, and blood parameters of Holstein cows fed silage of the residue from the extraction of cassava starch (SRECS), replacing 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% of the corn feed. Cows with average production of 35 kg of milk a day were assigned in a 5x5 Latin square design, and for the 21 days trial period, they were housed in stalls and fed individually to control the dietary food, stool samples were performed to estimate the digestibility of nutrients. Milking were held twice a day, measuring the production and analysis of milk composition in each experimental period. Blood collections were performed at the end of each period to evaluate the metabolic condition of the cows. The data were analyzed using variance analysis and polynomial regression. The replacement of corn by SRECS did not affect the intake of dry matter (DM) or total carbohydrates (TC). There was a linear decrease in the intake of ether extract (EE), and a linear increase in the intake of neutral (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), indicating a quadratic regression with the intake of crude protein (CP). The use SRECS presented growing effect digestibility of the ADF, showing a positive linear effect. The total digestible nutrients (TDN) did not differ between the diets and had an average of 66.03%. There was a trend of reduction (10%) in the production, with consequent increase in delight in the concentration of its components. There was no change in the measured metabolites. The use of silage of the residue from the extraction of cassava starch to replace the ground corn on feed, negatively affects the nutrient intake without changing the efficiency of milk production, milk composition, in the same way as blood parameters of lactating cows. Key words: Agro-industrial residue, blood parameters, cassava byproduct, dairy cattle, milk production, milk quality ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar o consumo e a digestibilidade dos nutrientes, produção, eficiência de produção e composição do leite e parâmetros sanguíneos de vacas da raça Holandesa alimentadas com silagem do resíduo da extração da amido de mandioca (SREAM), substituindo 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% ou 100% do milho da ração. As vacas com produção média de 35 kg de leite por dia, foram distribuídos em um delineamento em quadrado latino 5x5, com períodos de 21 dias, foram alojados em baias e alimentadas individualmente, para controlar a ingestão de alimentos, coletas de fezes foram realizadas para estimar a digestibilidade dos nutrientes. As ordenhas foram realizadas duas vezes ao dia, mensurando-se a produção e analisando a composição do leite em cada período experimental. Coletas de sangue foram realizadas ao final de cada período, para avaliar a condição metabólica das vacas. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise de variância e de regressão polinomial. A substituição do milho por SREAM não afetou o consumo de MS e de carboidratos totais (CT). Houve redução linear na ingestão ...

RESUMO Com objetivo de avaliar o efeito da substituição do milho grão moído pela silagem de resíduo da extração de amido da mandioca, em dietas para ovinos em confinamento, foi mensurado o consumo, a digestibilidade da matéria seca (MS) e dos nutrientes, e o pH ruminal. Foram utilizados cinco ovinos, canulados, distribuídos em delineamento de quadrado latino (5x5), composto de cinco animais, cinco dietas e cinco períodos experimentais de 21 dias cada, em um total de 105 dias de experimento. Os tratamentos foram diferentes níveis de substituição (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%) do milho pela silagem de resíduo da extração de amido da mandioca. Os níveis de substituição interferiram de forma significativa, obtendo variação cubica para a ingestão de MS, proteína bruta (PB), matéria orgânica (MO), extrato etéreo (EE) e carboidratos totais (CT), e efeito quadrático para a ingestão de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e fibra em detergente ácido (FDA). Porém não houve diferenças significativas na digestibilidadede nutrientes conforme a substituição do milho pela silagem de resíduo da extração de amido da mandioca, assim como não interferiram nos valores de pH ruminal. Recomenda-se a substituição de 75% do milho pela silagem de resíduo da extração de amido da mandioca.