Creative thinking is high-order thinking that is not easy to stimulate with conventional learning, especially to solve complex physics problems. However, the learning strategy chosen must be in accordance with the teaching materials and students characteristics. Creative thinking is very important especially for low-ability characteristic in solving complicated physics problems; therefore, it needs to be triggered by student-centered learning strategies such as project briefs. This research was to analyze the effect of project brief learning on creative thinking skills (CrTS) of low-ability pre-service physics theacers. Sample was selected using purposive sampling (97 people) in the initial semester pre-service physics teachers which consisted of three classes A (32 people), B (35 people), and C (30 people). Data collection through essay tests on vibration and wave material and adjusted according to the CrTS-Kim indicators. The results show that the project brief has a positive effect on creative thinking skills. The highest effect on the fluency indicator has an average of 15.7 compared to the lecture strategy, as well as the mixture with an average of 9.89, and the lowest on the originality indicator.
The purpose of this study is to improve the students’ activity and learning outcomes through the implementation of the POE learning model with the assistance of student worksheets. The research subjects were 22 students’ grade of VIII SMP Negeri 4 Batukliang Utara. This type of research is classroom action research (CAR), which is carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation/evaluation, and reflection. The implementation of the POE learning model is carried out through three stages, namely Predict, Observe, and Explain stages. The measured variable is the activity and learning outcomes on the subject matter of Motion. Research data collection techniques using observation sheets and tests. The results of the study in Cycle I obtained an average score of student learning activities is 2.08 with the category of quite active and the average value of students’ learning outcomes is 73.41 with classical completeness of 54.55%. In cycle II the average score of students’ learning activities is 2.95 with the actively category and the average learning outcome is 83.41 with a classical completeness of 86.36%. Based on the results of the study it was found that the implementation of the POE learning model with the worksheets assistance could improve the students’ activities and learning outcomes grade of VIII SMPN 4 Batukliang Utara.
This paper investigates the possibility of using a multi-surface plasticity model to predict shear failure in reinforced concrete beams. The analysis is carried out using the in-house software called 3D-NLFEA. The constitutive model for the concrete material is based on the plasticity-fracture model, which had previously developed to simulate the behavior of concrete cover spalling in reinforced concrete columns.To obtain the asymmetric shear failure pattern, random material properties imperfection for each meshed element is used. Two beams available in the literature are investigated and compared with the analysis results using 3D-NLFEA. From the comparisons, excellent agreement between the analysis and the test result was obtained. 3D-NLFEA can predict the peak load accurately. The peak load prediction only varies 2.19% for beam OA1 and 3.28 % for beam OA2, and it was lower than the test results. The failure crack patterns also show a typical diagonal crack extension from the support to the loading steel plate.
[Title: Making Chitosan From Shrimp Cup As Gold (Au) Adsorben]. This study aims to make chitosan from shrimp shell as golden adsorbent. Stages of chitosan preparation include demineralization stage using 1,5M HCL, deproteination stage using 3.5% NaOH to obtain chitin powder, then followed by chitin deacetylation stage using 60% NaOH to produce an anime that is chitosan. Subsequently, the chitosan obtained was characterized, analyzed functional group with FTIR and determined its adsorption capacity against Au metal ion, Au content in the sample before and after adsorption was measured using AAS. The results showed chitosan characterization as follows: rendeman 45.83%, have powder texture, white colour, odourless, have moisture content 1.55%, perfectly soluble in glacial acetic acid 2% and purple positive with ninhydrin solution showed chitin has turned into chitosan. Based on calculations from the results of the resulting chitosan FTIR data has a degree of deacetylation 71.17%. From the result of analysis by using AAS that chitosan obtained able to adsorb Au metal from concentration 8.55 ppm decrease until 5,09 ppm with adsorption percentage equal to 40.46%.
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