The experiment was set up in the Neretva River Valley in southern Croatia, with the aim to determine the influence of increasing salt concentrations in irrigation water using different irrigation systems (sprinkler and drip) in watermelon production on plastic mulch. Saline drip irrigation reduced the development of salinized plants. Under drip irrigation, salinity did not cause plant mortality, but it led to a reduction in the number and length of vines. Saline sprinkler irrigation caused plant mortality. Soil solution ion composition was remarkably altered by saline drip irrigation. Saline irrigation also had detrimental effects on yield. Application of saline water rapidly changed the ion composition of soil solution. Significant changes in Ca, Na and Cl concentrations in soil solution were determined parallel to increasing the irrigation water salinity, whereas changes in Mg and K concentrations were not statistically significant. Marketable yield was reduced by salinity. Saline drip irrigation had detrimental effects on yield (26 and 35% yield reduction). In the trial treatment involving saline sprinkler irrigation, plants were completely damaged and no yield was attained. Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
RÉ SUMÉUne expérience a été réalisée dans la vallée de la Neretva en Croatie méridionale dans le but de déterminer l'influence des concentrations croissantes en sel dans l'eau d'irrigation sous différents systèmes d'irrigation (arroseurs et goutte à goutte) pour la production de pastèque sur paillis en plastique. L'irrigation par goutte à goutte salée a réduit le développement des plantes salinisées. Sous goutte à goutte, la salinité n'a pas provoqué la mort des plantes mais une réduction du nombre et de la longueur des pieds de vignes. Par contre, l'irrigation saline sous pression a été cause de mortalité des plantes. La composition en ions de solutions de sols a été significativement modifiée par l'irrigation saline par goutte à goutte, laquelle a également eu des effets néfastes sur le rendement et entraîné une modification rapide des compositions en ions d'une solutions de sol. Des changements importants des concentrations en Ca, Na et Cl dans la solution de sol ont été notés en même temps que l'augmentation de la salinité, au contraire des concentrations en Mg et K dont les compositions en ions n'ont pas changé de façon significative. Les volumes commercialisables ont été réduits par la salinité. L'irrigation saline par goutte à goutte a eu des effets néfastes sur le rendement (réduction de 26 et de 35%). Dans l'essai réalisé avec irrigation saline sous pression, les
Five-year investigations were carried out on the experimental drainage field ''Jelenscak'', Kutina, in Croatia. The field is situated in the Sava River valley, on gleyic podzoluvisol. The trial involved eight pipedrainage variants, differing in drainpipe spacing and backfilling. Drainpipe spacings of 15, 20, 25 and 30 m with gravel backfill and spacings of 10, 15, 20 and 25 m without gravel backfill were tested. The shortest duration of drainage outflow was recorded in the variant with a drainpipe spacing of 15 m with gravel backfill and in the variant with a drainpipe spacing of 10 m without gravel backfill. These values are significantly different (P < 0.01) compared to the values obtained in other variants. Average monthly drainage outflows in the said two drainage variants are also significantly higher compared to the other test variants (P < 0.01). The outflow peak in the studied variants ranged from 12. Les valeurs instantanés de drainage ont varié de 12.3 mm jusqu'à 64.9 mm j À1 . Les valeurs d'écoulement de drainage calculées par modèle mathématique SWAP-93 dans la même période (1996-99) ont été confirmées par mesures directes dans le champ expérimental avec la précision de 95.8%.
The phosphorus (P) availability was tested on hydromorphic soils located in the Sava valley. 480 soil profiles covering the area of 31 227 ha was analysed in our study. The plant available P was determined by the Ammonium-Lactate method. The P availability in the surface layer (0-30 cm) is very low (up to 5 mg P 2 O 5 /100 g of soil) in about 30% of the tested agricultural land (9 440 ha), next 32% (9 897 ha) is in the range of a low P availability (from 5.1 to 10 mg), while only 17% (5 445 ha) has a good or very good P availability (above 20 mg). Especially high frequency of low P availability was found in vertic gley, amphygley and hypogley soils (total 8 680 ha or 28% of tested agricultural land).
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