This paper presents architectural project and simulation of energy consumption and production of a model of Energy Efficient House for Decentralized Energy (DE). The house model is designed for the area of Serbia, based on the needs of an average Serbian family. The model is designed to investigate opportunities for DE of typical house geometry with advantages of passive solar architecture combined with active solar systems and heat pump. Simulation of the model was performed for the climate conditions for the city of Nis. Thermal load for designed net-zero energy efficient home for a period of one year was simulated by means of TRNSYS software. With respect to renewable energy sources in Serbia, production of electrical, heating, and cooling energy by solar photovoltaic/thermal collectors, heat pump, and heat storage is considered. The balance of simulated annual electricity production and consumption show that the house model can produce 51% of its energy demands. Simulation results are used to determine pathways for model modification towards more effective solar harvesting for electricity production. V C 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.
Fatigue is one of the most important aging effects of power plant components. Information about fatigue helps in assessing structural degradation of the component and so assists in planning in-service inspection and maintenance. In this paper, we present a computation method that can be used to estimate the working life consumption of a steam turbine rotor. In the method, creep and low cycle material damage were considered. The calculations are based on the Palmgren–Miner hypothesis of linear damage accumulation. The computation was done utilizing the Microsoft Excel software package and the VISUAL BASIC for application programming language. As a reference, we used the MAN-339 MW steam turbine installed in the “Kosovo-B” power plant station in Obilic. This method can be implemented to other parts of the power plant that will result in better organization of the maintenance and ultimate enhancement of the reliability and availability of the plant.
In this paper three-dimensional numerical simulation of the atmospheric saturated pool boiling was performed. The applied modelling and numerical methods enable full representation of the two-phase mixture behaviour on the heating surface with the inclusion of the swell level prediction. The three-dimensional investigation presented here was performed in order to take into account a convective heat transfer on the heated surface, as well as spatial effects of the vapour generation and a twophase flow such as phase dispersion within the two-phase mixture. The results are presented for a short period of time after the initiation of the heat supply and vapor generation on the heating surface. The replenishment of the heating surface with water and partial surface wetting for lower heat fluxes is shown. The influence of the density of nucleation sites and the bubble residence time on the wall on the pool boiling dynamics is discussed. Also, the influence of the heat flux intensity on the pool boiling dynamics is investigated. The applied numerical and modelling method showed robustness by allowing stable calculations for wide ranges of applied modelling boiling parameters.
A polygeneration system is an energy system capable of providing multiple utility outputs to meet local demands by application of process integration. This paper addresses the problem of pinpointing the optimal polygeneration energy supply system for the local energy demands of a livestock farm in terms of optimal system configuration and optimal system capacity. The optimization problem is presented and solved for a case study of a pig farm in the paper. Energy demands of the farm, as well as the superstructure of the polygeneration system were modelled using TRNSYS software. Based on the locally available resources, the following polygeneration modules were chosen for the case study analysis: a biogas fired internal combustion engine co-generation module, a gas boiler, a chiller, a ground water source heat pump, solar thermal collectors, photovoltaic collectors, and heat and cold storage. Capacities of the polygeneration modules were used as optimization variables for the TRNSYS-GenOpt optimization, whereas net present value, system primary energy consumption, and CO 2 emissions were used as goal functions for optimization. A hybrid system composed of biogas fired internal combustion engine based co-generation system, adsorption chiller solar thermal and photovoltaic collectors, and heat storage is found to be the best option. Optimal heating capacity of the biogas co-generation and adsorption units was found equal to the design loads, whereas the optimal surface of the solar thermal array is equal to the south office roof area, and the optimal surface of the PV array corresponds to the south facing animal housing building rooftop area.
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